The Use of Antiallergic and Antiasthmatic Drugs in Viral Infections of the Upper Respiratory Tract

Abstract

SummaryDespite their frequency, upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) constitute an area with few, if any, effective treatment remedies. Asthma and airway allergies share similar pathogenetic lTIechanisms to URTIs and it is not surprising, therefore, that agents used to treat allergic disorders have also been studied in URTIs. Their possible effects, limitations and hypothetical modes of action in URTIs are reviewed. In controlled clinical trials of satisfactory scientific standard, symptom reductions in both experimental rhinovirus infections and natural colds have occurred with topical anticholinergics, oral antihistamines and topical chromones. Future treatment alternatives for URTIs may include the intranasal anticholinergic ipratropium bromide, new nonsedating antihistamines and sodium cromoglycate (cromolyn sodium). The latter has a record of safety and an absence of adverse effects that would make it an attractive alternative for this common but not particularly serious condition in otherwise healthy individuals.Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) have many common features with asthma and allergic diseases in the respiratory system. The inflammatory mediators are similar in both groups of diseases, and the therapeutic effects of antiallergic or antiasthmatic drugs in URTIs have been used as arguments for the presence of common pathways of inflammatory mediators. [l] This brief review discusses the evidence for these common pathways, and reviews the potential for the use of antiallergic and antiasthmatic drugs in these common but usually trivial infections. Figure 1 summarises the pathophysiology of rhinovirus infection and the proposed mechanisms of action of antiallergic and antiasthmatic drugs.

Identification of FDA approved drugs against SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro), drug repurposing approach

“…Asthma and airway allergies have similar pathogenetic mechanisms to some respiratory tract infections [55] , and the main manifestations are related to respiration in both COVID-19 and allergy/asthma. Montelukast, an antiasthmatic drug identified in our result list, is registered for clinical trial against COVID-19 (NCT04389411).…”

Combined drugs in the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections: a review of research results

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