The use of associated particle timing based on the D+D reaction for imaging a solid object

Evans, Colin; Mutamba, Q.

doi:10.1016/s0969-8043(01)00280-9

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Dose, though, would become limiting. While there is a strong, developing foundation in simulation, 9,11,35,36 there are knowledge gaps in APNEI theory that require the development of a prototype APNEI system. For example, beam spot diameter and high count rate HPGe limitations must be explored in the laboratory.…”

Section: Discussion and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monte Carlo simulations of elemental imaging using the neutron‐associated particle technique

Abel

Nie

2018

Medical Physics

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The imaging resolution offered by APNEI of target elements such as iron lends itself to potential applications in disease diagnosis and treatment planning (high resolution) as well as to ordnance and contraband detection (low resolution). However, experimental study beyond simulation is required to optimize the layout and electronic configuration of APNEI system components - including realistic shielding and phantom materials - for background signal reduction in order to accurately determine the detection limits and spatial resolution of iron and other elements of interest on a case-by-case basis.

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Section: Discussion and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monte Carlo simulations of elemental imaging using the neutron‐associated particle technique

Abel

Nie

2018

Medical Physics

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“…Interesting gamma-ray spectroscopy API applications outside of the security realm include whole-body elemental analysis and carbon analysis in soil for carbon sequestration studies [Mitra 1995, Ellis 2008, Wielopolski 2008. API-related gamma-ray measurements have also been proposed that use API-ENGs in a time-of-flight configuration for high-resolution imaging, using a deuteron-deuteron (DD) neutron source rather than a deuteron-triton (DT) source, with high-resolving timing electronics that trigger events using inelastic-scatter gamma rays from materials such as aluminum (having reasonably lowerenergy, fast-neutron inelastic scattering reactions) [Evans 2002]. This approach allows onesided radiography for image reconstruction.…”

Section: Neutron Generator Modeling: Conclusion and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associated Particle Tagging (APT) in Magnetic Spectrometers

Jordan¹,

Baciak²,

Stave³

et al. 2012

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Summary In BriefThe Associated Particle Tagging (APT) project, a collaboration of Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Idaho National Laboratory (INL) and the Idaho State University (ISU)/Idaho Accelerator Center (IAC), has completed an exploratory study to assess the role of magnetic spectrometers as the linchpin technology in next-generation tagged-neutron and tagged-photon active interrogation (AI). The computational study considered two principle concepts: (1) the application of a solenoidal alpha-particle spectrometer to a next-generation, large-emittance neutron generator for use in the associated particle imaging technique, and (2) the application of tagged photon beams to the detection of fissile material via active interrogation. In both cases, a magnetic spectrometer momentum-analyzes charged particles (in the neutron case, alpha particles accompanying neutron generation in the D-T reaction; in the tagged photon case, post-bremsstrahlung electrons) to define kinematic properties of the relevant neutral interrogation probe particle (i.e. neutron or photon). The main conclusions of the study can be briefly summarized as follows:Neutron generator:• For the solenoidal spectrometer concept, magnetic field strengths of order 1 Tesla or greater are required to keep the transverse size of the spectrometer smaller than 1 meter. The notional magnetic spectrometer design evaluated in this feasibility study uses a 5-T magnetic field and a borehole radius of 18 cm.• The design shows a potential for 4.5 Sr tagged neutron solid angle, a factor of 4.5 larger than achievable with current API neutron-generator designs.• The potential angular resolution for such a tagged neutron beam can be less than 0.5 o for modest Si-detector position resolution (3 mm). Further improvement in angular resolution can be made by using Si-detectors with better position resolution.• The report documents several features of a notional generator design incorporating the alpha-particle spectrometer concept, and outlines challenges involved in the magnetic field design. Tagged photon interrogation:• We investigated a method for discriminating fissile from benign cargo-material response to an energy-tagged photon beam. The method relies upon coincident detection of the tagged photon and a photoneutron or photofission neutron produced in the target material. The method exploits differences in the shape of the neutron production cross section as a function of incident photon energy in order to discriminate photofission yield from photoneutrons emitted by non-fissile materials. Computational tests of the interrogation method as applied to material composition assay of a simple, multi-layer target suggest that the tagged-photon information facilitates precise (order 1% thickness uncertainty) reconstruction of the constituent thicknesses of fissile (uranium) and high-Z (Pb) constituents of the test targets in a few minutes of photon-beam exposure. We assumed an 18-MeV endpoint tagged photon beam for these simulations.• The report addresses ...

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“…[176][177][178][179][180] A special perturbation in the radiography field is the use of associated particle neutron generators to provide spatial data for 2-dimensional image reconstruction. [181] A noteworthy variant of the more familiar transmission radiography is resonant radiography, where image data is collected at multiple neutron energies to exploit resonant absorption effects and provide contrast. [182] One method for conducting these measurements is to use one of the light-ion neutron generating reactions described earlier that produces monoenergetic neutrons at specific angles relative to the ion beam and then to scan an object through different angles reflecting on-resonance and off-resonance energies.…”

Section: Gauging and Radiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Production and applications of neutrons using particle accelerators

Chichester

2009

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Advances in neutron science have gone hand in hand with the development and of particle accelerators from the beginning of both fields of study. Early accelerator systems were developed simply to produce neutrons, allowing scientists to study their properties and how neutrons interact in matter, but people quickly realized that more tangible uses existed too. Today the diversity of applications for industrial accelerator-based neutron sources is high and so to is the actual number of instruments in daily use is high, and they serve important roles in the fields where they're used. This chapter presents a technical introduction to the different ways particle accelerators are used to produce neutrons, an historical overview of the early development of neutron-producing particle accelerators, a description of some current industrial accelerator systems, narratives of the fields where neutron-producing particle accelerators are used today, and comments on future trends in the industrial uses of neutron producing particle accelerators.

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The use of associated particle timing based on the D+D reaction for imaging a solid object

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Monte Carlo simulations of elemental imaging using the neutron‐associated particle technique

Monte Carlo simulations of elemental imaging using the neutron‐associated particle technique

Associated Particle Tagging (APT) in Magnetic Spectrometers

Production and applications of neutrons using particle accelerators

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