“…Thus, in the study of the circulation of coal products in the country's economy as a closed technological process, efforts to increase the efficiency and safety of the production and use of all types of energy and raw coal, taking into account the balances of other energy carriers, especially in the energy sector, leads to the need for simultaneous interconnected consideration of all links of this process, which are usually described by specialized balance and optimization mathematical models of various levels of detail [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56], which allow determining the most appropriate operating conditions of a coal complex based on certain criteria. Among such criteria is the total volume of domestic coal production, its individual grades, and technological purpose, the volume of production of a separate coal-mining enterprise, and the volumes and directions of supply of coal products that satisfy the requirements for standard fuel [57,58], electricity, and heat generating enterprises of thermal energy, costs for such fuel supply, volumes of environmental pollutant emissions by thermal power plants [59][60][61][62] due to coal burning, volumes of forced coal imports and corresponding indicators of energy security [63], etc.…”