The use of ceiling temperature and reactivation in the isolation of pox virus hybrids

Dumbell, K. R.; Bedson, H. S.

doi:10.1017/s0022172400039863

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…4). The low homoplasy indices (9, 10) suggest that DNA recombination was not likely influencing the topology generated by these analyses, although recombination occurs in laboratory conditions (11).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

On the origin of smallpox: Correlating variola phylogenics with historical smallpox records

Liu

Carroll

Gardner

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

182

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Human disease likely attributable to variola virus (VARV), the etiologic agent of smallpox, has been reported in human populations for >2,000 years. VARV is unique among orthopoxviruses in that it is an exclusively human pathogen. Because VARV has a large, slowly evolving DNA genome, we were able to construct a robust phylogeny of VARV by analyzing concatenated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from genome sequences of 47 VARV isolates with broad geographic distributions. Our results show two primary VARV clades, which likely diverged from an ancestral African rodent-borne variola-like virus either Ϸ16,000 or Ϸ68,000 years before present (YBP), depending on which historical records (East Asian or African) are used to calibrate the molecular clock. One primary clade was represented by the Asian VARV major strains, the more clinically severe form of smallpox, which spread from Asia either 400 or 1,600 YBP. Another primary clade included both alastrim minor, a phenotypically mild smallpox described from the American continents, and isolates from West Africa. This clade diverged from an ancestral VARV either 1,400 or 6,300 YBP, and then further diverged into two subclades at least 800 YBP. All of these analyses indicate that the divergence of alastrim and variola major occurred earlier than previously believed.evolution ͉ SNPs ͉ variola virus

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

On the origin of smallpox: Correlating variola phylogenics with historical smallpox records

Liu

Carroll

Gardner

et al. 2007

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

182

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This finding is in great contrast with that of clones derived from the parent These findings may be best interpreted as that plaguing efficiency is controlled by multiple genes, and hence the genetic recombination between the two vaccinia viruses with different plaguing efficiencies for L cells results in recombinants with a variety of plaguing efficiency. Previous studies indicate ready occurrence of recombination between the members of the variolavaccinia group [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]12].…”

Section: Stability Of Properties Of Monotypic Clones From Mixed Infecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Recombination between Vaccinia Virus Strains Distinct in Hemagglutinin Production and Plaquing Efficiency

Ando

Matumoto

1968

Japanese Journal of Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oda (1965) reported the rescue of dermovaccinia (strain Dairen I) abortive infection by ncurovaccinia virus (strain IHD-T) in mouse fibroblastic L cells. The present study, however, provided no evidence for such, but gave evidence for the occurrence of genetic recombination between the viruses in L and HeLa cells. HeLa and L cells were infected simultaneously with strain Dairen I which produces hemagglutinin (H+) and replicates well in HeLa cells but only poorly in L cells, and strain IHD-T which is H-and multiplies well in both cells. Sixty-eight of 225 and 24 of 114 clone preparations from the mixed infection yields in L and HeLa cells, respectively, were mixtures of H+ and H-viruses. The remaining 157 and 90 clones contained only one type of virus, H+ or H-, and varied widely in the plaguing efficiency for L cells. This contrasted with the results from parent viruses. An interpretation is that the plaguing efficiency is controlled by multiple genes and genetic recombination between the two vaccinia viruses with differing plaguing efficiencies results in occurrence of recombinants demonstrating a variety of plaguing efficiency. Hemagglutinin production was an all-or-none character, no intermediates being found, and can readily be tested at the particle level by the plaque-hemadsorption technique. These points render hemagglutinin production as a suitable marker for the genetic studies in contrast to the polygenic plaguing efficiency.

show abstract

“…The additional strains of cowpox were those that had been used by Rondle & Dumbell (1962). The isolation and characterization of the recombinant viruses was described by Dumbell & Bedson (1964) and by Bedson & Dumbell (1964a, b). Soluble antigens and antisera were prepared as described by Rondle & Dumbell (1962).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A poxvirus antigen associated with pathogenicity for rabbits

Rondle

Dumbell

1982

J. Hyg.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryWhite pock variants of cowpox virus give papular lesions on intradermal inoculation of rabbits, without the necrosis and haemorrhage that are produced by wild type cowpox viruses. Rondle & Dumbell (1962) have shown that white pock variants of cowpox virus fail to produce a specific, precipitating antigen which they called ‘d’ substance. In this paper it is shown that ‘d’ is demonstrable in soluble antigen preparations of rabbitpox virus and of neurovirulent strains of vaccinia virus but not in soluble antigens of variola viruses. Two series of recombinant viruses prepared by Dumbell & Bedson (1964) from variola and cowpox and from variola and rabbitpox viruses were tested for the production of ‘d’ substance. These results were compared with the previously recorded effects of these recombinants when inoculated intradermally in rabbits. It is concluded that functional genes determining the production of ‘d’ and of rabbit skin pathogenicity are closely linked on the pox virus genome, but that there is insufficient evidence to say that the two functions are interdependent.

show abstract

The use of ceiling temperature and reactivation in the isolation of pox virus hybrids

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

On the origin of smallpox: Correlating variola phylogenics with historical smallpox records

On the origin of smallpox: Correlating variola phylogenics with historical smallpox records

Genetic Recombination between Vaccinia Virus Strains Distinct in Hemagglutinin Production and Plaquing Efficiency

A poxvirus antigen associated with pathogenicity for rabbits

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About