The use of crude tall oil as feed-stock for alkyd resins

Abstract

The synthesis of modified alkyd resins using a crude tall oil with a content of rosin acids of 39.8 % is described. This material has the composition of fatty acids close to soybean oil, has low cost and is widely available being a forest product industrial residue. The synthetic route includes the reaction of tall oil and maleic anhydride, in the presence of the catalyst (LiOH), followed by polyesterification reaction steps, resulting in an alkyd resin with interesting properties. The acid value (AN) and viscosity were used to follow the reaction, and it appears to be dependent upon the polyalcohol used in the polyesterification step. A period of 15 hours was needed to yield a tack-free coating.

Biobased Epoxy Resin by Electrochemical Modification of Tall Oil Fatty Acids

“…The tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) fraction received less attention for the preparation of thermosetting materials, , whereas fatty acids are frequently used in thermoplastic polyesters and polyurethanes . As the free carboxylic acids adversely affect material properties due to their corrosive and hydrophilic nature, functionalization of the carboxylic acids such as esterification is necessary in the preparation of polymer precursors .…”

“…22,23 Because of their rigid polycyclic structure, various epoxy resins and curing agents were prepared from tall oil rosin, 24 but these rosin-based monomers show particularly high melting points that significantly hamper their processing to epoxy materials. The tall oil fatty acid (TOFA) fraction received less attention for the preparation of thermosetting materials, 25,26 whereas fatty acids are frequently used in thermoplastic polyesters and polyurethanes. 27 As the free carboxylic acids adversely affect material properties due to their corrosive and hydrophilic nature, functionalization of the carboxylic acids such as esterification is necessary in the preparation of polymer precursors.…”