The Use of Different Anthropometric Indices to Assess the Body Composition of Young Women in Relation to the Incidence of Obesity, Sarcopenia and the Premature Mortality Risk

Abstract

The objective of the study was to evaluate the stratification of young women based on the assessment of body composition according to several currently recommended anthropometric indices and parameters, as well as the presence of obesity, sarcopenic obesity and the risk of premature death. Three hundred and three young Caucasian women aged 18–25 years were included in the cross-sectional observational study. For the purposes of the study, we used the bioelectrical impedance method and applied the obtained data to calculate indices defining obesity, sarcopenic obesity and premature mortality risk (ABSI z-score). We found significant differences between indicators of total and abdominal obesity when determining the rate of risk of premature death and diagnosis of obesity. Our results also suggest that FMI and FM/FFM indices correlate excellently with fat mass and visceral adipose tissue, better than BMI. Even in the case of abdominal obesity, FMI appears to correlate relatively strongly, more so than BMI. The results of the study support the opinion that in the assessment of body composition and health status, the presence of obesity (sarcopenic obesity) and the risk of premature death, anthropometric parameters and indices focusing not only on body weight (BMI, ABSI), but also on the proportionality and distribution of fat (WC, WHR, WHtR, VFA) and muscle tissue (FFMI, SMMI, FM/FFM ratio) should be used.

Blood Concentration of Macro- and Microelements in Women Who Are Overweight/Obesity and Their Associations with Serum Biochemistry

“…Our previous studies [24,29,51] confirmed that body composition analysis should be the basis for assessing obesity risk. In the present study, we found that women with obesity had a higher body composition parameter PBF compared to women with overweight (44.86 ± 4.31% and 38.74 ± 2.83%, respectively, p < 0.001).…”

“…Systolic and diastolic blood pressures (mm Hg) were measured in duplicate using the digital upper arm electronic monitor (Omron M7 Intelli IT, HEM-7361T-EBK, Omron Healthcare Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). Participants were instructed to maintain a seated and calm posture, ensuring they had rested for a minimum of 15 min prior to each measurement [29,40]. All anthropometric characteristics were recorded as the average values.…”

“…Similarly, Wu et al [28] and Bihari et al [24] reported that evaluating adults with overweight or obesity requires not only BMI but also other diagnostic elements. The percentage of body fat (PBF; %) may offer a more reliable and accurate indicator compared to BMI when assessing overweight or obesity [29][30][31]. Furthermore, attention should also be focused on the visceral fat area (VFA; cm 2 ), which appears to be a valuable parameter for diagnosing multifactorial diseases and assessing associated health risks [24,27,32].…”

Anthropometric indices and bioimpedance body composition as ontogenetic indicators to describe risk of obesity

“…Также стратификация мужчин по ИМТ позволила установить значимую динамику возрастания анализируемых переменных по мере увеличения значений ИМТ в каждой возрастной группе. Более высокие значения мышечного компонента в группе лиц с наличием избыточной массы тела и ожирением сопоставимы с результатами других авторов, которые объясняют данный факт анаболической активностью из-за нагрузки избыточной массы тела на опорно-двигательный аппарат [24]. Необходимо указать, что в возрастном аспекте нами было отмечено изменение диапазонов размаха ИМТ от минимального к максимальному значению: так, в группе юношей размах ИМТ составил 16,15-36,33 кг/м 2 , у представителей 1-го зрелого возраста -16,36-41,4 кг/м 2 , в выборке 2-го зрелого возраста -19,02-48,52 кг/м 2 со значительным смещением нижнего порога у мужчин пожилого возраста с 25,03 кг/м 2 при максимальном пороге, равном 49,69 кг/м 2 .…”

Association of waist circumference and BMI with premature death in young and middle-aged population

“…Therefore, central obesity represented by waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) should also be considered, which is more related to mortality (20)(21)(22). Compared with WHR, WC could be a better tool in practice for its significant correlation with visceral fat and fewer anthropometric measurement requirements (23)(24)(25). Furthermore, WHO also suggests that although BMI and abdominal adiposity measures may be highly correlated, considering the utility of joint use of the two indicators is desirable (26).…”