The use of flywheel asynchronized compensators in a power system

Abstract

The main properties of asynchronized compensators, including those with a flywheel on the shaft, are considered. Areas of application of electrical-machine flywheel energy stores are suggested. It is shown that asynchronized compensators with a long-term/short-term power ratio of 100/200 MW and a power exchange time of 15 -30 sec can be used in power systems as a second-mobilization power standby to improve the quality of frequency regulation.Unlike traditional synchronous compensators, asynchronized compensators can operate in 100% output and 100% reactive power consumption modes, hence it can compete successfully with STATKOM-type static reactive power compensators. Asynchronized compensators differ favorably from static devices in that they do not generate higher harmonics in the network, have better mass/size and cost characteristics, and allow of brief double-triple overload.In addition, asynchronized compensators can provide a specified regulation not only of the value but also of the phase of the voltage vector at the point where it is connected in the power transmission line, i.e., using an asynchronized compensator one can exchange not only reactive power but also, briefly, active power with the network. This indicates that, at the point where the asynchronized compensator is connected, "rigid bus" conditions are produced and the limits of static and dynamic stability of adjacent parts of the power system are increased.Asychronized compensators with an unregulated rotation frequency are usually constructed with unequal excitation windings on the rotor (the longitudinal winding is "strong" and the transverse control winding is "weak") [1].There is a need for such asynchronized compensators in the Russian power systems. Firstly, there is a need to replace the operating synchronous compensators in a number of power systems, including the Moscow power system. The "Power Machines" "Élektrosila" Company together with the NTTs "Élektroenergetika" Company have developed a series of such asynchronized compensators with a power of 50, 100, and 160 MV · A with total air cooling. Two 100 MV · A asynchronized compensators have been connected in the Beskudnikovo substation in Moscow.The flywheel asynchronized compensator. If a flywheel is placed on the shaft of an asynchronized compensator and the rotation frequency of the shaft changes, it becomes possible, due to the change in the rotation frequency and in the kinetic energy of the rotating mass, to accumulate or generate considerable energy. A flywheel asynchronized compensator is constructed in the form of an electrical machine with excitation windings placed on the load rotor. The stator of the compensator is connected to the network, i.e., the synchronous rotation frequency of the rotor is limited to 3000 rpm. The power of the converter in the rotor winding circuit depends on the rotation frequency regulation range.Areas of application of electromechanical flywheel energy stores. In the wide sense, we mean by a flywheel store an electrical machine with a flywhee...