The Use of Galea Flaps in Craniofacial Deformities

An Anatomical Study of the Temporal Fascia and Related Temporal Pads of Fat

“…10 The free microvascular transplantation of the temporal fascia was first described by Smith in 1980. 11 It was also documented in eyelid reconstruction 12 ; contour restoration of the forehead, cheek, and eyelids 13,14 ; and in correcting defects of the upper and lower extremities. 15 In the present study, the authors aimed to clarify the anatomy and blood supply of the temporal fascia and its related temporal pads of fat to provide a sound anatomical basis for surgical manipulation of the temporalis myofascial flap.…”

Utility of the pericranial flap in frontal sinus and anterior cranial fossa trauma

“…It has been used for the reconstruction of nasal septal defects, coverage of cochlear implants, reconstruction of external auditory canal following mastoidectomy, periorbital soft tissue reconstruction, coverage of soft tissue defects with bone exposure such as in full thickness avulsive scalp defects due to trauma, and reconstruction of oropharyngeal defects due to cancer resection 3,[7][8][9][11][12][13]23 . The pericranial flap has also been extensively used in craniofacial reconstruction to provide soft tissue bulk in congenital or acquired facial deformities and in skull base reconstruction 1,2,6,17,18 . In trauma surgery, this flap gives the surgeon the opportunity to seal a CSF leak and provides viable tissue for the obliteration of the frontal sinus and the isolation of the intracranial from the paranasal environment.…”

Aplasia Cutis Congenita of the Scalp, Composite Type: The Criticality and Inseparability of Neurosurgical and Plastic Surgical Management

“…A related, but pathophysiologically different, cause of life-threatening hemorrhage results from drying of eschar overlying the dura mater [13]. As the eschar contracts, small herald bleeds may occur, followed by severe or fatal hemorrhage [13,15,16,21,22,23,24,25]. Serious hemorrhage can also occur during surgical dissection to remove eschar covering the dura.…”