The Use of Internal Nitrogen Stores in the Rhizomatous Grass Calamagrostis epigejos During Regrowth After Defoliation

Kavanová, Monika; Gloser, Vít

doi:10.1093/aob/mci054

Cited by 37 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…The content of saccharides and soluble protein decreased in roots after defoliation to the similar levels in all N treatments ( Table 1). Decline of protein content in roots of C. epigejos during regrowth after defoliation has been shown previously, although no specialized vegetative storage proteins were found (Kavanová and Gloser 2005).…”

Section: Contents Of Storage Compounds After Regrowthsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…We observed the most important changes in roots (frequently source of mobilized reserves in grasses, Ourry et al 1988, Volenec et al 1996, Kavanová and Gloser 2005 and stubble base that acts predominantly as sink for mobilized compounds during regrowth. The content of saccharides and soluble protein decreased in roots after defoliation to the similar levels in all N treatments ( Table 1).…”

Section: Contents Of Storage Compounds After Regrowthmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Regrowth dynamics of Calamagrostis epigejos after defoliation as affected by nitrogen availability

Gloser¹,

Košvancová²,

Gloser³

2007

Biologia plant.

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Young plants of a rhizomatous grass Calamagrostis epigejos (L.) Roth were grown from seed in nutrient solutions containing nitrogen in concentrations 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mM. After six weeks of cultivation the plants were defoliated and changes in growth parameters and in content of storage compounds were measured in the course of regrowth under highly reduced nitrogen availability. Plants grown at higher nitrogen supply before defoliation had higher amount of all types of nitrogen storage compounds (nitrates, free amino acids, soluble proteins), which was beneficial for their regrowth rate, in spite of lower content of storage saccharides. Amino acids and soluble proteins from roots and stubble bases were the most important sources of storage compounds for regrowth of the shoot. Faster growth of plants with higher N content was mediated by greater leaf area expansion and greater number of leaves. In plants with lower contents of N compounds number of green leaves decreased after defoliation significantly and senescing leaves presumably served as N source for other growing organs. Results suggest that internal N reserves can support regrowth of plants after defoliation even under fluctuating external N availability. Faster regrowth of C. epigejos with more reserves was mediated mainly by changes in plant morphogenesis.

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Section: Contents Of Storage Compounds After Regrowthsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Contents Of Storage Compounds After Regrowthmentioning

confidence: 90%

Regrowth dynamics of Calamagrostis epigejos after defoliation as affected by nitrogen availability

Gloser¹,

Košvancová²,

Gloser³

2007

Biologia plant.

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“…A similar 2-year lag between the start of the mowing and the decrease of C. epigejos was reported by Lehmann and Rebele (2002) from a different habitat. The slow decrease can be attributed to the nutrient reserves accumulated in the rhizomes of this species (Klimes & Klimesova 2002;Fiala et al 2003;Kavanová & Gloser 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Seminatural grassland management by mowing ofCalamagrostis epigejosin Hungary

Házi

Bartha

Szentes

et al. 2011

Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all As

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Regeneration of seminatural grasslands are often threatened by the invasion of Calamagrostis epigejos, which can slow down or arrest secondary succession. Here we report the results of a 9-year mowing experiment designed to suppress the spread of C. epigejos in mid-successional grasslands in Hungary. The experimental design consisted of 16 permanent plots of 3 6 3 m. Half of the plots were mowed twice a year (in June and September), the other half was left as control. Vegetation was sampled in 2 6 2 m quadrates before mowing in each year between 2001 and 2009. The effects of mowing were tested using repeated-measure analyses of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD for post hoc tests. Significant decrease of C. epigejos appeared after 2 years of mowing. Species richness increased after 4 years, while diversity after 8 years. By this time the target native species Brachypodium pinnatum become dominant. Similar trends appeared in the control plots during spontaneous succession but at much slower rates. Our results suggest that C. epigejos disappears spontaneously in secondary grassland succession after ca. 40-50 years. However, mowing twice a year can speed up this process by opening a ''colonization window'' to the valuable target species. For successful control, mowing should be maintained for approximately 8 years.

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“…Consequently, in the present situation, differences in survival and regrowth of stems could involve differences in the nature of the resources stored. Indeed, the nature of resources stored is partly ruled by the nutrient level of the habitat where the plant has grown (Fischer et al 1995;Améziane et al 1997;Cuzzuol et al 2005;Kavanova and Gloser 2005). For instance, in nutrient-rich habitats, Steinbáchová-Vojtísková et al (2006) demonstrated that Typha individuals tend to store more nitrogen and non-structural carbohydrates, whereas in oligotrophic conditions, individuals of Phragmites accumulate preferably starch (Kubin and Melzer 1996).…”

Section: Stem Survival and Regeneration After Disturbancementioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic stresses increase plant regeneration ability

2007

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In disturbed habitats, vegetative regeneration is partly ruled by plant reserves and intrinsic growth rates. Under nutrient-limiting conditions, perennial plants tend to exhibit an increased allocation to storage organs. Under mechanically stressful conditions, plants also tend to increase allocation to below-ground biomass and storage organs. We tested whether those stresses acting differently on plants (nutrient level versus mechanical forces) led to similar effect on storage organs and regeneration ability. We measured, for an aquatic plant species, (1) the size and allocation to storage organs (stems) and (2) the regeneration ability of the storage organs. Plant stems were collected in 4 habitats ranked along a nutrient stress gradient, and having encountered null versus significant mechanical stress (flowing water). All stems were placed in similar neutral conditions and left for a period of 6 weeks before measuring their survival and growth. Dry mass allocation to the storage organ (stem) was higher in stressful habitats. Moreover, stress encountered by plants before the experiment significantly affected regeneration: stems of previously stressed plants (i.e. plants that had grown in nutrient-poor or mechanically stressful habitats) survived better than unstressed ones. Stems of plants having encountered mechanical stress before the experiment had increased growth in nutrient-rich habitats but reduced growth in the poorest habitats. These results demonstrate that regeneration could rely on the level of stress previously encountered by plants. Stress could lead to greater regeneration ability following mechanical failure. The possible mechanisms involved in these results are discussed.

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The Use of Internal Nitrogen Stores in the Rhizomatous Grass Calamagrostis epigejos During Regrowth After Defoliation

Cited by 37 publications

References 24 publications

Regrowth dynamics of Calamagrostis epigejos after defoliation as affected by nitrogen availability

Regrowth dynamics of Calamagrostis epigejos after defoliation as affected by nitrogen availability

Seminatural grassland management by mowing ofCalamagrostis epigejosin Hungary

Abiotic stresses increase plant regeneration ability

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