The use of isolated cells to assess the contribution of the mucosal epithelium to the metabolism of the intestinal wall

Evans, E. M.; Burdett, Keith

doi:10.1136/gut.14.2.98

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…One difficulty in using homogenates of mucosal biopsies to study enzyme levels is the inclusion in the biopsy of muscularis mucosae, which may be a greater source of enzymes (such as hexokinase and lactic dehydrogenase) than the epithelium itself (Evans and Burdett, 1973). Glucosamine synthetase has the advantage of being rather specific for the epithelial cells, at least in the gut.…”

Section: Fig 8 Glucosamine Synthetase Wvels In Recta Biopsiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucosamine synthetase activity of the colonic mucosa in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

Goodman¹,

Kent²,

Truelove³

1977

Gut

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SUMMARY Glucosamine synthetase is the first enzyme in glycoprotein biosynthesis, catalysing the formation of glucosamine-6-phosphate, from which N-acetylglucosamine is formed. The levels of this enzyme in normal human colonic mucosa (in colectomy specimens and rectal biopsies) were found to be 13-8 4 0 pmol glucosamine synthesised/h/g wet wt. In the colonic mucosa in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's colitis the enzyme level was diminished when there was loss of epithelial cells in the mucosa, although not when there was just loss of goblet cells. In patients recovering from an acute attack of ulcerative colitis, the enzyme levels rose to a peak above the normal range, an effect which did not occur in patients who did not recover promptly. This recovery peak may be related to the synthesis of gastrointestinal mucus, or immunoglobulin, or the secretory component of IgA, all of which contain large amounts of N-acetylglucosamine.

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Section: Fig 8 Glucosamine Synthetase Wvels In Recta Biopsiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucosamine synthetase activity of the colonic mucosa in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

Goodman¹,

Kent²,

Truelove³

1977

Gut

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“…This limited information on the intestinal response to CR prompted us to study the molecular response to CR of the duodenum mucosa and microbiota. We analysed the surface of the mucosa consisting mainly of absorptive enterocytes but also various other types of cells 29 . We also asked if and how the microbiota reacts and contributes to the response to CR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary intestinal mucosa and microbiota responses to caloric restriction

Duszka

Ellero‐Simatos

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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The intestine is key for nutrient absorption and for interactions between the microbiota and its host. Therefore, the intestinal response to caloric restriction (CR) is thought to be more complex than that of any other organ. Submitting mice to 25% CR during 14 days induced a polarization of duodenum mucosa cell gene expression characterised by upregulation, and downregulation of the metabolic and immune/inflammatory pathways, respectively. The HNF, PPAR, STAT, and IRF families of transcription factors, particularly the Pparα and Isgf3 genes, were identified as potentially critical players in these processes. The impact of CR on metabolic genes in intestinal mucosa was mimicked by inhibition of the mTOR pathway. Furthermore, multiple duodenum and faecal metabolites were altered in CR mice. These changes were dependent on microbiota and their magnitude corresponded to microbial density. Further experiments using mice with depleted gut bacteria and CR-specific microbiota transfer showed that the gene expression polarization observed in the mucosa of CR mice is independent of the microbiota and its metabolites. The holistic interdisciplinary approach that we applied allowed us to characterize various regulatory aspects of the host and microbiota response to CR.

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Absence of the pasteur effect in rat distal ileum during nematode infection

Scofield

1979

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology

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The use of isolated cells to assess the contribution of the mucosal epithelium to the metabolism of the intestinal wall

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Glucosamine synthetase activity of the colonic mucosa in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

Glucosamine synthetase activity of the colonic mucosa in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

Complementary intestinal mucosa and microbiota responses to caloric restriction

Absence of the pasteur effect in rat distal ileum during nematode infection

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