The use of IV vitamin C for patients with COVID-19: a case series

Hiedra, Raul; Lo, Kevin Bryan; Elbashabsheh, Mohammad; Gul, Fahad; Wright, Robert; Albano, Jeri; Azmaiparashvili, Zurab; Aponte, Gabriel Patarroyo

doi:10.1080/14787210.2020.1794819

Cited by 127 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Data shows that COVID-19 patients are at a higher risk of pneumonia. in another small trial improvements in inflammatory biomarkers and some respiratory parameters were noted following intravenous administration of vitamin C [ 33 ]. A case study of a patient treated with high-dose vitamin C after development of ARDS was able to be removed from ventilation after 5 days which was deemed unusually early, however it should be noted that she also received anti-viral medications [ 34 ].…”

Section: Immunomodulatory Role Of Vitamin Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19?

et al. 2021

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Highlights A number of nutrients have been associated with improved outcomes for patients with COVID-19. Vitamin D is associated with both decreased rates of infection and improved outcomes for patients. Vitamin C may shorten the course of the disease and decrease the severity of the symptoms. Vitamin E, zinc and selenium are known to assist with recovery from viral infection, and may have efficacy in COVID-19. There are a number of trials underway evaluating the use of high-dose supplements in COVID-19.

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Section: Immunomodulatory Role Of Vitamin Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19?

et al. 2021

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“…Increasing antiviral cytokines, such as interferon (IFN)-α/β [24] Increasing free radical formation to decrease viral yield [25] Attenuating excessive inflammatory response [27] Ameliorating hyperactivation of immune cells by altering energy metabolism [30] Decreased flu or cold symptoms due to treatment with high dose of vitamin C [22,23] Decreased inflammatory mediators/ markers due to the administration of vitamin C in COVID-19 patients [28,29] Table 1. Cont.…”

Section: Consequences Of Deficiency/effects Of Supplementation In Infmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and Selenium in Immune System against COVID-19

2020

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Low levels of micronutrients have been associated with adverse clinical outcomes during viral infections. Therefore, to maximize the nutritional defense against infections, a daily allowance of vitamins and trace elements for malnourished patients at risk of or diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be beneficial. Recent studies on COVID-19 patients have shown that vitamin D and selenium deficiencies are evident in patients with acute respiratory tract infections. Vitamin D improves the physical barrier against viruses and stimulates the production of antimicrobial peptides. It may prevent cytokine storms by decreasing the production of inflammatory cytokines. Selenium enhances the function of cytotoxic effector cells. Furthermore, selenium is important for maintaining T cell maturation and functions, as well as for T cell-dependent antibody production. Vitamin C is considered an antiviral agent as it increases immunity. Administration of vitamin C increased the survival rate of COVID-19 patients by attenuating excessive activation of the immune response. Vitamin C increases antiviral cytokines and free radical formation, decreasing viral yield. It also attenuates excessive inflammatory responses and hyperactivation of immune cells. In this mini-review, the roles of vitamin C, vitamin D, and selenium in the immune system are discussed in relation to COVID-19.

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“…Specifically, infusion of 15 g/day of Vitamin C for 4 days reduces the mortality of patients with sepsis and severe acute respiratory failure [83]. With this knowledge, early results based on reports of small groups of COVID-19 patients who received IV Vitamin C as part of common treatment improved their clinical outcomes [84]; hence, a new controlled trial focused on testing the effect of IV Vitamin C (at a dose of 24 g/day for 7 days) in patients with COVID-19 was recently launched [85]. The physiological plausibility of this treatment might be based on its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits, which could reduce the typical cytokine storm triggered in acute respiratory distress syndrome [86].…”

Section: Vitamin Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current State of Evidence: Influence of Nutritional and Nutrigenetic Factors on Immunity in the COVID-19 Pandemic Framework

2020

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The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus has caused shock waves in many countries, producing a global health crisis worldwide. Lack of knowledge of the biological mechanisms of viruses, plus the absence of effective treatments against the disease (COVID-19) and/or vaccines have pulled factors that can compromise the proper functioning of the immune system to fight against infectious diseases into the spotlight. The optimal status of specific nutrients is considered crucial to keeping immune components within their normal activity, helping to avoid and overcome infections. Specifically, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) evaluated and deems six vitamins (D, A, C, Folate, B6, B12) and four minerals (zinc, iron, copper and selenium) to be essential for the normal functioning of the immune system, due to the scientific evidence collected so far. In this report, an update on the evidence of the contribution of nutritional factors as immune-enhancing aspects, factors that could reduce their bioavailability, and the role of the optimal status of these nutrients within the COVID-19 pandemic context was carried out. First, a non-systematic review of the current state of knowledge regarding the impact of an optimal nutritional status of these nutrients on the proper functioning of the immune system as well as their potential role in COVID-19 prevention/treatment was carried out by searching for available scientific evidence in PubMed and LitCovid databases. Second, a compilation from published sources and an analysis of nutritional data from 10 European countries was performed, and the relationship between country nutritional status and epidemiological COVID-19 data (available in the Worldometers database) was evaluated following an ecological study design. Furthermore, the potential effect of genetics was considered through the selection of genetic variants previously identified in Genome-Wide Association studies (GWAs) as influencing the nutritional status of these 10 considered nutrients. Therefore, access to genetic information in accessible databases (1000genomes, by Ensembl) of individuals from European populations enabled an approximation that countries might present a greater risk of suboptimal status of the nutrients studied. Results from the review approach show the importance of maintaining a correct nutritional status of these 10 nutrients analyzed for the health of the immune system, highlighting the importance of Vitamin D and iron in the context of COVID-19. Besides, the ecological study demonstrates that intake levels of relevant micronutrients—especially Vitamins D, C, B12, and iron—are inversely associated with higher COVID-19 incidence and/or mortality, particularly in populations genetically predisposed to show lower micronutrient status. In conclusion, nutrigenetic data provided by joint assessment of 10 essential nutrients for the functioning of the immune system and of the genetic factors that can limit their bioavailability can be a fundamental tool to help strengthen the immune system of individuals and prepare populations to fight against infectious diseases such as COVID-19.

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The use of IV vitamin C for patients with COVID-19: a case series

Cited by 127 publications

References 14 publications

Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19?

Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19?

The Role of Vitamin C, Vitamin D, and Selenium in Immune System against COVID-19

Current State of Evidence: Influence of Nutritional and Nutrigenetic Factors on Immunity in the COVID-19 Pandemic Framework

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