“…The results demonstrated the effectiveness of monitoring skin blood flow through LDF during the ELS procedure. Khotko et al [27] utilized LDF to directly or indirectly assess changes in renal microcirculation during and after percutaneous nephrolithotomy, providing a convenient and effective tool for evaluating pyelorenal changes and activity. Cherian et al [28] applied LDF to study the impact of arthroscopic labral cyst decompression on live blood flow.…”