The Use of Low-Grade Aggregates and Soils in the Construction of Bases for Roads and Aerodromes. Road Engineering Division.

Markwick, A H D; Keep, H S

doi:10.1680/idivp.1942.13348

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…For instance, while the existing practices of soil stabilization focused on the design of road constructions and transport engineering [36][37][38][39][40][41][42], our study contributes to these investigations with a special aim at evaluating the effects of blended binders. The use of blended binders such as slag, cement, lime, energy fly ash and bio fly ash enables to increase the quality of soil and thus to improve the road drainage measures in Swedish climate setting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geotechnical Properties of Soil Stabilized with Blended Binders for Sustainable Road Base Applications

Lindh

Lemenkova

2023

Construction Materials

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This study aimed at evaluating the effect of blended binders on the stabilization of clayey soils intended for use as road and pavement materials in selected regions of Sweden. The stabilization potential of blended binders containing five stabilizers (cement, bio fly ash, energy fly ash, slag and lime) was investigated using laboratory tests and statistical analysis. Soil samples were compacted using Swedish Standards on UCS. The specimens were stabilized with blended mixtures containing various ratios of five binders. The effects of changed ratio of binders on soil strength was analyzed using velocities of seismic P-waves penetrating the tested soil samples on the day 14 of the experiment. The difference in the soil surface response indicated variations in strength in the evaluated specimens. We tested combination of blended binders to improve the stabilization of clayey soil. The mix of slag/lime or slag/cement accelerated soil hardening process and gave durable soil product. We noted that pure lime (burnt or quenched) is best suited for the fine-grained soils containing clay minerals. Slag used in this study had a very finely ground structure and had hydraulic properties (hardens under water) without activation. Therefore, slag has a too slow curing process for it to be practical to use in real projects on stabilization of roads. The best performance on soil stabilization was demonstrated by blended binders consisted of lime / fly ash / cement which considerably improved the geotechnical properties and workability of soil and increased its strength. We conclude that bearing capacities of soil intended for road construction can be significantly improved by stabilization using mixed binders, compared to pure binders (cement).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geotechnical Properties of Soil Stabilized with Blended Binders for Sustainable Road Base Applications

Lindh

Lemenkova

2023

Construction Materials

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“…Cement and lime are the oldest, fundamental and most well-known traditional binders, continuously used in civil engineering [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Therefore, their applications for soil stabilisation have been researched and reported for decades as a straightforward, versatile and traditional method of soil improvement [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Strength Gain in Sandy Soil Stabilised with Mixed Binders Evaluated by Elastic P-Waves during Compressive Loading

Lindh

Lemenkova

2022

Materials

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This paper addresses the problem of stabilisation of poor subgrade soil for improving its engineering properties and stiffness. The study aim is to evaluate the effects from single and mixed binders on the gain of strength in sandy soil over the period of curing. We propose an effective non-destructive approach of using P-waves for identifying soil strength upon stabilisation. The growth of strength and stiffness is strongly dependent on time of curing and type of the stabilising agents which can include both single binders and their blended mixtures. The diverse effects from mixed binders on the properties of soil were evaluated, compared and analysed. We performed the experimental trials of five different binders for stabilisation of sandy soil using cement, lime, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFS), energy fly ash and bio fly ash. The methodology included soil stabilisation by binders during a total period of 90 days, strength test for the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) and seismic tests on the stabilised samples. The dynamics of soil behaviour stabilised by different binders for days 7, 14, 28 and 90 was statistically analysed and compared. The optimisation of binder blending has been performed using mixture simplex lattice design with three binders in each case as independent variables. Using P-waves naturally exploited strength characteristics of soil samples and allowed us to compare the effects from the individual and blended binders over the complete period of curing with dominating mixes. The results indicate that strength growth in stabilised soil samples is nonlinear in both time and content of binders with dominating effects from slag which contributed the most to the compressive strength development, followed by cement.

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The Use of Low-Grade Aggregates and Soils in the Construction of Bases for Roads and Aerodromes. Road Engineering Division.

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Geotechnical Properties of Soil Stabilized with Blended Binders for Sustainable Road Base Applications

Geotechnical Properties of Soil Stabilized with Blended Binders for Sustainable Road Base Applications

Dynamics of Strength Gain in Sandy Soil Stabilised with Mixed Binders Evaluated by Elastic P-Waves during Compressive Loading

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