The use of Miscellaneous Scientific Methods in Characterization and Analyzing the Gilding Cartonnage Tape for the Late Period.

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to examine and identify the colors, media, and ground layer used in the late era of the ancient Egyptian civilization by analyzing the gilded cartonnage tape based on the use of various examinations and analyzes, such as the use of optical microscopy, stereo microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) in examining samples of cartonnage and its damage. Using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope with EDX and infrared (FTIR) to analysis the cartonnage tape. The piece is gilding cartonnage tape dating back to the a late-era, that suffered from some problems such as cracks in the ground and pigment layer, Separate of linen layers of each other's investigate by optical, stereo, scan microscope. The results show that ground layer consists of two layers, the first one is composed of calcite (CaCO3) with small amounts of quartz (SiO2). sThe second one composed of calcite, gypsum and quartz. Silver and gold in the gilding layer and cuprorivaite, wollastonite and SiO2 content in blue color.