The Use of Modern Measuring Devices in the Evaluation of Movement in the Block in Volleyball Depending on the Difficulty of the Task Determined by Light Signals

Abstract

The basic technical element that is a direct response to the opponent’s attack is the block. Blocking is related to setting the starting position of the player and choosing the most effective way to move. The aim of this study was to evaluate the time of movement in the block depending on the difficulty of the task determined by a response to light signals. The study included 14 players (17.36 ± 1.18 years). Eight discs of the FITLIGHT TrainerTM device placed at different heights near the center of the volleyball court were used for the measurements. The player’s task was to move as quickly as possible in a block after recognizing a light signal to take a specific action. Three types of tasks with different levels of difficulty were defined: reaction to the light signal on the player’s side (S1), reaction to the light signal of the upper or lower discs placed vertically over the net (S2), and reaction to the color of the light signal of the upper or lower discs placed vertically over the net (S3). The following time measurements were analyzed: indirect time (TI), time of movement to the jumping point (TJP), and total time (TT) on the right and left sides. In all measurements (TI, TJP, TT), the differences in the times obtained in tasks S1 and S2 and tasks S1 and S3 were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.001) for both the right and left sides. The comparison of the task performance times for S2 and S3 showed a difference only in the TJP measurement for the left side. An analysis of the results indicates a significant role of signal recognition and decision-making process in the player’s movement during blocking. The FITLIGHT TrainerTM device can be a useful tool for this purpose in coaching.

Study on the Impact of Implementing an Exercise Program Using Fitlight Technology for the Development of Upper Limb Coordinative Abilities in Basketball Players

“…The reactive hand-eye coordination and the reactive ability to combine movements significantly improved in the experimental groups U14 and U16 compared to the control group, demonstrating the effectiveness of the experimental program implemented in the current study. A series of studies align with our study and have highlighted the importance of developing coordination in sports games [6,31], as well as the correlation between the development of coordinative abilities and the improvement of technical skills in basketball [60][61][62][63]. A series of research has focused on how the coordinative ability of basketball players can be improved through the use of digital technologies, smart sensors, and other informational equipment that provides real-time data, allows for the monitoring of performance parameters, and increases the attractiveness of sports training sessions [64][65][66][67].…”

“…A series of studies have analyzed how adapting exercise programs through the use of Fitlight technologies can contribute to optimizing the performance of athletes in basketball [ 1 , 56 , 57 ]. The implementation of visual stimuli through various technologies, combined with tactile and kinesthetic stimuli, can contribute to improving athletes’ skills in relation to the demands of the sport they practice [ 6 , 58 , 59 ].…”

“…Fitlight is a digital technology adapted to the training and evaluation process in sports, which relies on light simulation and consists of a system of wireless lights (spots) that can light up randomly or be controlled by setting the dedicated software [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Fitlight has great applicability in developing RT and coordination due to the various settings and versatility of the arrangement of the luminous spots according to the specific training and sport practiced [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. The Fitlight technology allows for real-time timing and delivery of execution statistics, and based on this feedback, the training process can be continuously adapted and optimized [ 8 , 9 ].…”

A Novel Method for Recognizing Physical Fitness Signals of Basketball Players Based on Photovoltaic Power Supply

“…The incremental conductance method proposed in [3] and [4] is based on the principle that at the maximum power point 0 and, since, it yields…”

“…Physical fitness signals in basketball can be observed through various factors such as endurance, agility, strength, speed, and flexibility. For example, a player's endurance can be assessed by looking at their ability to maintain a high level of intensity throughout a game or practice [4]. Their agility can be evaluated by their ability to change directions quickly and move fluidly on the court.…”