The use of nanoparticles as alternative therapeutic agents against Candida infections: an up-to-date overview and future perspectives

Elibe, Ifeanyi; Nweze, Emeka Innocent

doi:10.1007/s11274-020-02940-0

Cited by 36 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…Organic nanoparticles have been used to increase the bioavailability of drugs, enhance efficient drug delivery and improve antibacterial activity (Yetisgin et al 2020). They have also been used in treating fungal infection (Mba and Nweze 2020) and have shown promises against viral infections [e.g., severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2)] infection (Mba et al 2021). Currently, available nanoparticulate antibacterial systems include liposomes, polymeric NPs, micelles, solid lipid NPs (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), nanocapsules, nanotubes, quantum dots, dendrimers, emulsions, nanogels, and vesicles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoparticles as therapeutic options for treating multidrug-resistant bacteria: research progress, challenges, and prospects

Ifeanyi

Nweze

2021

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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186

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Resistance to antimicrobial agents has been alarming in recent years and poses a huge public health threat globally according to the WHO. The increase in morbidity and mortality resulting from microbial infections has been attributed to the emergence of multidrug-resistant microbes. Associated with the increase in multidrug resistance is the lack of new and effective antimicrobials. This has led to global initiatives to identify novel and more effective antimicrobial agents in addition to discovering novel and effective drug delivery and targeting methods. The use of nanoparticles as novel biomaterials to fully achieve this feat is currently gaining global attention. Nanoparticles could become an indispensable viable therapeutic option for treating drug-resistant infections. Of all the nanoparticles, the metals and metal oxide nanoparticles appear to offer the most promise and have attracted tremendous interest from many researchers. Moreover, the use of nanomaterials in photothermal therapy has received considerable attention over the years. This review provides current insight on antimicrobial resistance as well as the mechanisms of nanoparticle antibacterial activity. It offers an in-depth review of all the recent findings in the use of nanomaterials as agents against multi-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Also, nanomaterials that can respond to light stimuli (photothermal therapy) to kill microbes and facilitate enhanced drug delivery and release are discussed. Moreover, the synergistic interactions of nanoparticles with antibiotics and other nanomaterials, microbial adaptation strategies to nanoparticles, current challenges, and future prospects were extensively discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The metallic nanoparticles appear to be the most promising. They exhibit diverse activities against several multidrug resistant pathogens (Liao et al 2019;Rasheed et al 2017;Mba and Nweze 2020). The most widely studied metal nanoparticles are silver nanoparticles (AgNps) and gold nanoparticles (AuNps).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoparticles as therapeutic options for treating multidrug-resistant bacteria: research progress, challenges, and prospects

Ifeanyi

Nweze

2021

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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186

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“…This complex causes changes in the efflux pump and forms pores in the cell membrane. 65 Leakage of K + ion makes the extracellular environment acidic and impairs the metabolism that leads to cell death. Suppression of lanosterol conversion into ergosterol may be caused by inhibition of enzyme 1–4 α demethylase encoded by gene ERG II which is involved in ergosterol biosynthesis.…”

Section: Effect On Virulence Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bursting the Virulence Traits of MDR Strain of Candida albicans Using Sodium Alginate-based Microspheres Containing Nystatin-loaded MgO/CuO Nanocomposites

Abid¹,

Uzair²,

Niazi³

et al. 2021

IJN

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Introduction Candida albicans is a major opportunistic pathogen that causes a wide range of human infections. Currently available therapeutic agents are limited for treating these fungal infections due to multidrug resistance as well as their nonbiodegradability, poor biocompatibility and toxicity. In order to battle these limitations, we have synthesized a polymeric system as microcarriers to deliver the antifungal drug. The objective of the present study was to immobilize MgO/CuO nanocomposite and nystatin-loaded MgO/CuO nanocomposites in nontoxic, nonimmunogenic, biodegradable and biocompatible sodium alginate microspheres for the first time. Materials and Methods Nanoparticle-loaded sodium alginate microspheres were prepared by ionotropic gelation technique using calcium chloride as a cross-linker. Synthesized microspheres were characterized using standard characterization techniques and were evaluated for biological activity against MDR strain of C. albicans . Results Characterization of microspheres by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed loading of Nys-MgO/CuO NPs, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed rough spherical beads with a highly porous surface having an average size in the range of 8–10 µm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyzed its semicrystalline structure. Entrapment efficiency of Nys-MgO/CuO NPs was 80% and release kinetic study revealed sustained and prolonged release of drug in pH 5.5. Flow cytometry analysis showed yeast cell death caused by Nys-MgO/CuO MS exhibits late apoptotic features. In cytotoxicity assay 5–14 mg of microspheres did not cause hemolysis. Microspheres reduced virulence traits of C. albicans such as germ tube and biofilm formation were compromised at concentration of 5 mg/mL. Antimicrobial assessment results revealed a pronounced inhibitory effect against C. albicans . Conclusion The in vitro experiments have shown promising results based on good stability, Nys-MgO/CuO NP-encapsulated microspheres can be used as a prolonged controlled release system against MDR pathogenic C. albicans .

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“…are already used as antimicrobial agents. Silver nanoparticles specifically have demonstrated excellent potentials against bacteria [ 148–150 ] and pathogenic fungi [ 51 , 151 , 152 ], and several viruses (including HIV-1) [ 153 , 154 ]. It is also an excellent candidate for capturing and immobilization of viral cells in personal protective devices (PPD).…”

Section: Antiviral Nanotechnology As An Intervention Strategy Against Sars-cov-2 Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunobiology and nanotherapeutics of severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2): a current update

Elibe

Sharndama

Osondu-chuka

et al. 2021

Infectious Diseases

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The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) constitutes the most significant global public health challenge in a century. It has reignited research interest in coronavirus. While little information is available, research is currently in progress to comprehensively understand the general biology and immune response mechanism against SARS-CoV-2. The spike proteins (S protein) of SARS-CoV-2 perform a crucial function in viral infection establishment. ACE2 and TMPRSS2 play a pivotal role in viral entry. Upon viral entry, the released pro-inflammatory proteins (cytokines and chemokines) cause the migration of the T cells, monocytes, and macrophages to the infection site. IFNϒ released by T cells initiates a loop of pro-inflammatory feedback. The inflammatory state may further enhance with an increase in immune dysfunction responsible for the infection’s progression. A treatment approach that prevents ACE2-mediated viral entry and reduces inflammatory response is a crucial therapeutic intervention strategy, and nanomaterials and their conjugates are promising candidates. Nanoparticles can inhibit viral entry and replication. Nanomaterials have also found application in targeted drug delivery and also in developing a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2. Here, we briefly summarize the origin, transmission, and clinical features of SARS-CoV-2. We then discussed the immune response mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we further discussed nanotechnology’s potentials as an intervention strategy against SARS-CoV-2 infection. All these understandings will be crucial in developing therapeutic strategies against SARS-CoV-2.

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The use of nanoparticles as alternative therapeutic agents against Candida infections: an up-to-date overview and future perspectives

Cited by 36 publications

References 123 publications

Nanoparticles as therapeutic options for treating multidrug-resistant bacteria: research progress, challenges, and prospects

Nanoparticles as therapeutic options for treating multidrug-resistant bacteria: research progress, challenges, and prospects

Bursting the Virulence Traits of MDR Strain of Candida albicans Using Sodium Alginate-based Microspheres Containing Nystatin-loaded MgO/CuO Nanocomposites

Immunobiology and nanotherapeutics of severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2): a current update

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