The use of nondestructive methods to assess a physiological status and conservation perspectives of Eryngium maritimum L.

Andersone, Una; Druva-Lūsīte, Ieva; Ieviņa, Baiba; Karlsons, Andis; Ņečajeva, Jevgenija; Samsone, Ineta; Ievinsh, Gederts

doi:10.1007/s11852-010-0139-7

Cited by 22 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The number of individuals in each group changed over this period and reached up to seven individuals. In Uzava there were 15 similar groups (Andersone et al, 2011).…”

Section: Seed Collectionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…While in some cases the decline of F. maritimum is linked to habitat disturbance, a population can be threatened also due to limited generative reproduction, affected both by low seed production and low germination as well as high juvenile mortality (Curie et al, 2007;Aviziene et al, 2008). It was suggested also that a decrease of the physiological fitness of E. maritimum individuals in northem populations is associated with lower photosynthetic productivity due to high precipitation and low air temperature (Andersone et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed dormancy and germination of an endangered coastal plantEryngium maritimum(Apiaceae)

Ņečajeva

Ievinsh²

2013

Estonian J. Ecol.

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Eryngium maritimum is a coastal plant of the Apiaceae family. This species is threatened in several countries where it reaches the northem limits of its distribution area. Existing populations in the Baltic Region and Scandinavia are potentially affected by the low efficiency of its generative reproduction. We studied physiological aspects of its germination and dormancy breaking requirements using seeds collected from two Latvian populations. Seeds were subjected to cold and wann stratification and treatment with gibberellic acid. We monitored the development of seed embryos throughout the process of stratification at different temperatures and built a size-class structure of embryo development within a batch of seeds to visualize the developmental progress and to compare different treatments. The final germination percentage and germination rate increased after cold stratification at 5°C in seeds germinated at 25/10°C. Maximum germination was achieved after four months of cold stratification. Treatment with gibberellic acid had a similar dormancy breaking effect that was enhanced by previous warm stratification. The relative size of embryos increased during cold stratification, although this increase was not uniform. We conclude that in seeds of E. maritimum, embryo growth during stratification is required before germination can start and that growth is enhanced by warm stratification. Breaking the physiological component of seed dormancy requires cold stratification that can be substituted by treatment with gibberellic acid. We suggest that germination characteristics of seeds and the structure of embryo development within seeds in a particular population may refiect the state of the plant population itself and provide valuable information for research on the biology of this species.

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“…The number of individuals in each group changed over this period and reached up to seven individuals. In Uzava there were 15 similar groups (Andersone et al, 2011).…”

Section: Seed Collectionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed dormancy and germination of an endangered coastal plantEryngium maritimum(Apiaceae)

Ņečajeva

Ievinsh²

2013

Estonian J. Ecol.

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“…Soil organic matter content is generally low; 0–1.3% (means 0.4–0.7%) especially where there is low grass cover (Pancekauskien≐ ; Avižien≐, Pakalnis & Sendzikaite ; Andersone et al . ; A. Kavgaci, pers. comm.).…”

Section: Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Eryngium maritimum

Isermann

Rooney

2014

Journal of Ecology

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Summary1. This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Eryngium maritimum L. (Sea Holly) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and disease, history and conservation. 2. Eryngium maritimum is a native perennial hemicryptophyte, with a large taproot, spiny and leathery leaves and a pale bluish inflorescence. It has a more or less continuous distribution in suitable habitats along the coasts of Great Britain and Ireland up to about 55°N, but it is more scattered further north. On the west coast, it is found south of the Hebrides, and on the east coast, with some exceptions, south of Yorkshire. In Europe, it has a wide, but mainly southern temperate, European distribution along the coasts of the Atlantic Ocean, the Baltic, the Mediterranean, and the Black and Azov Seas. Its northern distribution limit is at c. 60°N. 3. Eryngium maritimum grows typically on sand and shingle beaches, foredunes and yellow dunes, as well as in semi-fixed grey dunes. Its habitats have full sunlight and are more or less dry. It occurs in many coastal plant communities from the beach inland, and because of its wide European distribution, it occurs with members of several different biogeographical species groups. 4. Protected from grazing by its spininess and sclerophylly, E. maritimum is nevertheless vulnerable to direct damage by trampling. It supports few insect herbivores, probably because of chemical defences. Historically, it has had a great number of medicinal uses. 5. Eryngium maritimum is unable to withstand competition from faster and more densely growing plant species. In many coastal regions, in both temperate and mediterranean parts of Europe, it is one of the rarest and most threatened plant species, mainly because of habitat loss and land-use changes.Key-words: climatic limitation, communities, conservation, ecophysiology, geographical and altitudinal distribution, germination, herbivory, mycorrhiza, reproductive biology, soils Sea Holly. Apiaceae subfamily Saniculoideae. A long-lived, perennial herb with a long, well-developed taproot and thick and fleshy rhizomes extending laterally from buried stems. Reproductive stems 0.15-0.60 m; lower part often root-like and buried in the sand; aerial part pale below but with bluish tinge above, erect, robust, terete or sulcate, glabrous, solid and widely branched above so that the plant forms an open cushion. Basal leaves several; lamina 4-10 9 15-20 cm, leathery, glabrous, intensely glaucous, subrotund in outline and palmately 3(À5) lobed; base truncate or cordate; venation palmate and reticulate, the veins thick, prominent; margin thick, cartilaginous, with large spinose teeth; petioles about as *Nomenclature of vascular plants follows Stace (2010) ...

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“…To assure longer observation, all measuring methods were chosen to be non-destructive (Andersone et al 2011): (1) Growth was recorded documenting total height, number of leaves and length of leaves. For A. prostrata and H. peploides, lengths of ten leaves were measured; for C. maritima, lengths of all leaves were measured.…”

Section: Plant Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of trampling on beach plants at the Baltic Sea

Seer¹,

Irmler²,

Schrautzer³

2015

Folia Geobot

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In the last century, increases in human population and beach tourism have affected coastlines worldwide. Resulting pressures on beach ecological systems demand research concerning tolerance of beach plants to disturbance by humans. At three different Baltic Sea beaches, Atriplex prostrata, Honckenya peploides and Crambe maritima were planted and observed while subjected to trampling stress intensities of 0, 1 and 2 footsteps·m −2 ·d −1 . Plant height, leaf growth, number of leaves, chlorophyll content of leaves and fitness of photosystem II were measured at monthly intervals. Survival of plants was documented until the following summer. Linear mixed effect models fit the effects of trampling intensity, time and species on growth, photosynthetic productivity and reproduction of plants. Survival was fitted using general linear mixed models for binomial data. The results indicated that the annual species A. prostrata showed an initial decrease in growth at the first trampling treatment, but no effects on seed weight due to trampling pressure. Honckenya peploides was not affected by trampling. Crambe maritima showed a reduction in growth and survival under any level of trampling pressure. Experimental trampling pressure was compared to observed trampling intensities at beaches with low visitor frequency, which was ascertained to be between 3 and 8 footsteps·m −2 ·d −1 . Because of the greater potential of endangerment for C. maritima, we suggest that nature conservation focus on reducing human trampling on the upper beach area, e.g. by closing this area. This practice would allow tourists continued recreational access to the water as well as to the lower beach area.

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The use of nondestructive methods to assess a physiological status and conservation perspectives of Eryngium maritimum L.

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Seed dormancy and germination of an endangered coastal plantEryngium maritimum(Apiaceae)

Seed dormancy and germination of an endangered coastal plantEryngium maritimum(Apiaceae)

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Eryngium maritimum

Effects of trampling on beach plants at the Baltic Sea

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