The Use of Optical Coherence Tomography for the Detection of Early Diabetic Retinopathy

Somfai, Gábor Márk; Gerding, H.; DeBuc, Delia Cabrera

doi:10.1055/s-0044-101827

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…According to previous studies 2,4,5 , thickness changes were observed in different retinal layers and in different regions in the macula of diabetic and DR patients. Furthermore, it was found that OCT is able to detect early neurodegenerative changes in diabetic patients when DR is non-detectable using fundus exams 6 . This implies that OCT data is of great value to the early detection and better understanding of DR.…”

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confidence: 99%

Density-based classification in diabetic retinopathy through thickness of retinal layers from optical coherence tomography

Mohammed

Chen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a severe retinal disorder that can lead to vision loss, however, its underlying mechanism has not been fully understood. Previous studies have taken advantage of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and shown that the thickness of individual retinal layers are affected in patients with DR. However, most studies analyzed the thickness by calculating summary statistics from retinal thickness maps of the macula region. This study aims to apply a density function-based statistical framework to the thickness data obtained through OCT, and to compare the predictive power of various retinal layers to assess the severity of DR. We used a prototype data set of 107 subjects which are comprised of 38 non-proliferative DR (NPDR), 28 without DR (NoDR), and 41 controls. Based on the thickness profiles, we constructed novel features which capture the variation in the distribution of the pixel-wise retinal layer thicknesses from OCT. We quantified the predictive power of each of the retinal layers to distinguish between all three pairwise comparisons of the severity in DR (NoDR vs NPDR, controls vs NPDR, and controls vs NoDR). When applied to this preliminary DR data set, our density-based method demonstrated better predictive results compared with simple summary statistics. Furthermore, our results indicate considerable differences in retinal layer structuring based on the severity of DR. We found that: (a) the outer plexiform layer is the most discriminative layer for classifying NoDR vs NPDR; (b) the outer plexiform, inner nuclear and ganglion cell layers are the strongest biomarkers for discriminating controls from NPDR; and (c) the inner nuclear layer distinguishes best between controls and NoDR.

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confidence: 99%

Density-based classification in diabetic retinopathy through thickness of retinal layers from optical coherence tomography

Mohammed

Chen

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…As a rapid non-invasive imaging technique, optical coherence tomography (OCT) can present ''optical biopsy'' of the posterior segment of eyes and measure macular thickness in a quantitative way, which contributes to the diagnoses and follow-up of fundus oculi diseases. [1][2][3] The changes in macular thickness occur in eyes with retinal diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), neurovascular agerelated macular degeneration and retinal vein occlusion, which could induce macular thickening or oedema and geographic atrophy, macular atrophy, which could induce macular thinning.…”

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confidence: 99%

Macular thickness and its associated factors in a Chinese rural adult population: the Handan Eye Study

Chen

et al. 2022

Br J Ophthalmol

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PurposeTo describe the normal macular thickness and assess its associations.MethodsThe Handan Eye Follow-up Study was conducted between 2012 and 2013. Macular thickness was scanned by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). The built-in software generated a retinal thickness (RT) map, which was divided into three regions (central, internal and external regions) and nine quadrants (one in central and four in internal and external regions each).ResultsFor 5394 subjects in the Handan Eye Follow-up Study, 4793 received OCT examination, 2946 of whom (accounting for 61.46% of the total subjects, mean age 58.91±10.95, 55.6% were women) were included for analysis. The mean RT in central macula, inner and outer rings were (237.38 µm±23.05 µm), (309.77 µm±18.36 µm) and (278.29 µm±14.38 µm), respectively (overall difference, p＜0.001). In inner ring, the RT in temporal was thinnest, followed by nasal, superior and inferior. In outer ring, the RT in superior was thinnest, with the next subfields being temporal, inferior and nasal, respectively. The RT in central macula, inner and outer rings were significantly thicker in men than in women. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that in central macula, RT increased in subjects younger than 60 years and thinned above the age of 60. In inner and outer rings, RT thinned along with age (p＜0.001).ConclusionsThis study finds that RT in central macula is the thinnest, followed by the outer ring, the RT in the inner ring is the thickest. Age and gender are related to RT. These associated factors need to be considered when explaining RT.

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“…Research in different areas of complications associated to DM is constantly evolving (Campagnoli et al, 2017 ; Somfai et al, 2018 ). The search for risk biomarkers characterizing preclinical abnormalities is fundamental to fast-track the discovery of novel treatments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the Fractal Dimension of the Foveal Microvasculature in Relation to the Morphology of the Foveal Avascular Zone and to the Macular Circulation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

et al. 2018

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In this study, we examined the relationship between the fractal dimension (FD), the morphology of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and the macular circulation in healthy controls and patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with and with no diabetic retinopathy (DR). Cross-sectional data of 47 subjects were analyzed from a 5-year longitudinal study using a multimodal optical imaging approach. Healthy eyes from nondiabetic volunteers (n = 12) were selected as controls. Eyes from patients with T2DM were selected and divided into two groups: diabetic subjects with mild DR (MDR group, n = 15) and subjects with DM but without DR (DM group, n = 20). Our results demonstrated a higher FD in the healthy group (mean, 1.42 ± 0.03) than in the DM and MDR groups (1.39 ± 0.02 and 1.35 ± 0.03, respectively). Also, a bigger perimeter, area, and roundness of the FAZ were found in MDR eyes. A significant difference in area and perimeter (p ≤ 0.005) was observed for the MDR group supporting the enlargement of the FAZ due to diabetic complications in the eye. A moderate positive correlation (p = 0.014, R2 = 43.8%) between the FD and blood flow rate (BFR) was only found in the healthy control group. The BFR calculations revealed the lowest values in the MDR group (0.98 ± 0.27 μl/s vs. 1.36 ± 0.86 μl/s and 1.36 ± 0.57 μl/sec in the MDR, DM, and healthy groups, respectively, p = 0.2). Our study suggests that the FD of the foveal vessel arborization could provide useful information to identify early morphological changes in the retina of patients with T2DM. Our results also indicate that the enlargement and asymmetry of the FAZ might be related to a lower BFR because of the DR onset and progression. Interestingly, due to the lack of FAZ symmetry observed in the DM and MDR eyes, it appears that the distribution of flow within the retinal vessels loses complexity as the vascular structures distributing the flow are not well described by fractal branching. Further research could determine how our approach may be used to aid the diagnosis of retinal neurodegeneration and vascular impairment at the early stage of DR.

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The Use of Optical Coherence Tomography for the Detection of Early Diabetic Retinopathy

Cited by 7 publications

References 58 publications

Density-based classification in diabetic retinopathy through thickness of retinal layers from optical coherence tomography

Density-based classification in diabetic retinopathy through thickness of retinal layers from optical coherence tomography

Macular thickness and its associated factors in a Chinese rural adult population: the Handan Eye Study

Investigating the Fractal Dimension of the Foveal Microvasculature in Relation to the Morphology of the Foveal Avascular Zone and to the Macular Circulation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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