The use of optical coherence tomography in neuro-ophthalmology

Chan, Noel C Y; Chan, Carmen K. M.

doi:10.1097/icu.0000000000000418

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…[3][4][5][6][7][8] Previous studies have shown that neither the use of systemic steroid nor interferon-beta altered the degree of RNFL thinning up to 4 months after optic neuritis. 9,10 The aim of this study was to assess the longitudinal changes in RNFL thickness after a first attack of optic neuritis and to investigate the impact of treatment on RNFL thinning at 1 year after the attack.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Changes in Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer Thickness after an Isolated Unilateral Retrobulbar Optic Neuritis: 1-Year Results

Yau

Lee

Lau

et al. 2015

Neuro-Ophthalmology

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The objective of this study was to investigate the longitudinal changes in retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness 1 year after an episode of unilateral acute optic neuritis. This prospective cohort study recruited consecutive patients with a first episode of isolated, unilateral acute optic neuritis from October 2010 to June 2013. RNFL thickness of the attack and normal fellow eyes was measured by optical coherence tomography on presentation and 3, 6, and 12 months post attack in both the treatment and non-treatment groups. The treatment group consisted of subjects that opted for systemic steroids to hasten recovery time. In 20 subjects, 11 received systemic steroids and 9 were treated conservatively. The baseline RNFL thickness was similar in the attack and fellow eyes (p ! 0.4). Progressive RNFL thinning was seen in the attack eye over the 12-month period, with significant differences for baseline versus 3 months; baseline versus 12 months; and 3 versus 12 months (all p50.0001). At 12 months, the attack eye had a thinner average RNFL than the fellow eye (100.9 ± 6.1 versus 107.3 ± 5.5 mm; p = 0.002). The 12-month RNFL was similar between the treatment and non-treatment groups (p ! 0.6). A single episode of optic neuritis triggered an accelerated, progressive RNFL thinning up to 6 months post attack. Initial treatment with systemic steroids did not seem to alter the degree of RNFL loss at 12 months.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Changes in Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer Thickness after an Isolated Unilateral Retrobulbar Optic Neuritis: 1-Year Results

Yau

Lee

Lau

et al. 2015

Neuro-Ophthalmology

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“…We analyzed Humphrey Visual Field (HVF) data by mean deviation (dB) of the nasal and temporal hemifield using the Hood-Kardon linear model [22, 23]. The contralateral temporal field and ipsilateral nasal field were averaged as “abnormal” and the contralateral nasal field and ipsilateral temporal field were averaged as “control”.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike the GCC, which demonstrates clear segregation of the crossed and the non-crossed visual pathways into the nasal and temporal retinae, respectively, all 4 quadrants of the RNFL contain a combination of crossed and non-crossed fibers. However, the nasal quadrant is known to contain preferentially more crossed fibers, while the superior, inferior, and temporal quadrants contain a majority of non-crossed fibers [23, 35]. Therefore, we analyzed crossed fibers using nasal quadrants, with nasal retina contralateral to the brain lesion as “abnormal” and ipsilateral nasal retina as “control.” We then analyzed non-crossed fibers as an average of superior and inferior quadrants of RNFL; superior and inferior retina ipsilateral to the brain lesion were defined as “abnormal” and contralateral superior and inferior retina as “control”.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advances in optical coherence tomography (OCT) means that we now have a reliable in vivo method of measuring long-distance, retrograde degeneration of the visual pathway in humans at point-of-care locations such as the eye clinic [22, 23]. Commercial spectral-domain OCT machines provide resolution of 3-5 microns, which allow for quantification of individual retinal layers comparable to that of retinal histology [24, 25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long distance retrograde degeneration of the retino-geniculo-cortical pathway in homonymous hemianopia

Rajanala

Shariati

Liao

2019

Preprint

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Long-distance retrograde degeneration of the retino-geniculo-cortical pathway has been described in humans and animal models following injury to the brain. In this study, we used optical coherence tomography (OCT) to measure the severity and timing of retrograde degeneration after post-chiasmal visual pathway lesions in patients with homonymous hemianopia. We performed a retrospective study of 69 patients with homonymous hemianopia and analyzed high quality OCT macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Patients with lesions involving the optic tract and thalamus were included in the anterior group, while patients with lesions of the occipital lobe were included in the posterior group. Statistical significance was determined using Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon test. We found that in patients with homonymous hemianopia, those with anterior lesion exhibited earlier and more severe thinning compared with the posterior group. In fact, thinning can occur within 2 months after insult in the anterior group. Within 6 months of onset, the anterior group exhibited about 5 times more hemi-macular GCC thinning than those with acquired lesions of the posterior visual pathway (P = 0.0023). Although the severity of hemi-macular GCC thinning was different, the majority of hemi-macular thinning occurred within the first 6 months in both groups. Beyond 2 years, thinning in those with acquired anterior and posterior lesions was minimal, except in a small number of patients with multiple insults to the occipital lobe. In conclusion, using OCT, we measured the severity and rate of long-distance, retrograde degeneration in patients with homonymous hemianopia. Homonymous hemi-macular thinning after optic tract and thalamic injury was more severe and occurred earlier compared with thinning after occipital lobe insult via trans-synaptic degeneration. The presence of severe hemi-macular degeneration on OCT provides objective evidence that localizes the lesion to the post-chiasmal anterior visual pathway.

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“…The instrument uses speci¯c algorithms to automatically measure retinal thickness (RT) and retinal nerve¯ber layer (RNFL), to quantify optic nerve head (ONH) morphology and to assess changes in retinal diseases. 1 This is especially important in children because visual loss associated with retinal disease can negatively in-°u ence their visual development. 2 Wang et al 3 revealed that magni¯cation attributable to axial length (AL) and refractive error has minimal impact on measurements of macular and RNFL thickness in 120 children, but they asserted that transverse measurements such as optic disc diameter should be corrected by magni¯cation effect.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of OCT measurements corrected for the magnification effect according to axial length and refractive error in children

Bueno-Gimeno

España‐Gregori

Gené-Sampedro

et al. 2017

J. Innov. Opt. Health Sci.

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Purpose: The aim of this paper was to examine the distribution of macular, retinal nerve¯ber layer (RNFL) thickness and optic disc parameters of myopic and hyperopic eyes in comparison with emmetropic control eyes and to investigate their variation according to axial length (AL) and spherical equivalent (SE) in healthy children. Methods: This study included 293 pairs of eyes of 293 children (145 boys and 148 girls), ranging in age from 6 to 17 years. Subjects were divided according to SE in control (emmetropia, 99 children), myopia (100 children) and hyperopia (94 children) groups and according to axial AL in 68 short (<22.00 mm, 68), medium (from !22.00 mm to 25.00 mm, 189) and long eyes (>25.00 mm, 36). Macular parameters, RNFL thickness and optic disc morphology were assessed by the Cirrus TM HD-OCT. AL was measured using the IOL-Master system. Littmann's formula was used for calculating the corrected AL-related ocular magni¯cation. Results: Mean age (AE SD) was 10.84 AE 3.05 years; mean (AE SD) SE was þ0.14 AE 0.51 D (range from À8.75 to þ8.25 D) and mean AL (AE SD) was 23.12 AE 1.49. Average RNFL thickness, average macular thickness and macular volume decreased as AL and myopia increased. No correlations between AL/SE and optic disc parameters were found after correcting for magni¯cation e®ect. Conclusions: AL and refractive error a®ect measurements of macular and RNFL thickness in healthy children. To make a correct interpretation of OCT measurements, ocular magni¯cation e®ect should be taken into account by clinicians or OCT manufacturers.

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The use of optical coherence tomography in neuro-ophthalmology

Abstract: It is crucial for neuro-ophthalmologists to be updated and familiar with these newer OCT imaging protocols and to make appropriate choices for different clinical scenarios, in order to optimize the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.

Cited by 26 publications

References 64 publications

Longitudinal Changes in Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer Thickness after an Isolated Unilateral Retrobulbar Optic Neuritis: 1-Year Results

Longitudinal Changes in Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer Thickness after an Isolated Unilateral Retrobulbar Optic Neuritis: 1-Year Results

Long distance retrograde degeneration of the retino-geniculo-cortical pathway in homonymous hemianopia

Variations of OCT measurements corrected for the magnification effect according to axial length and refractive error in children

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