“…The 21st century learning strategy focuses more emphasis on the incorporation of technology to create students who possess the quality of critical thinking and technical literacy. The use of computer and information technology, as well as a multidiscipline learning model based on technological innovation, have all contributed significantly to improving the quality of TVET students, which is able to encourage the participation of more students in the TVET system (Almeida & Moldovan, 2014;Azid et al, 2023;Badawi & Drăgoicea, 2023;Divayana et al, 2021b;Hochmuth et al, 2022;Maksum et al, 2022;Muchlas et al, 2023;Ogbuanya & Onele, 2018;Samah et al, 2022;Shapiro et al, 2017;Ulfatin et al, 2022;Wu et al, 2010;Zaikov et al, 2021). This factor, along with recent advances in technology, has a significant impact on the pace that the community's economy is expanding.…”