The Use of Polymers in the Treatment of Retinal Detachment: Current Trends and Future Perspectives

Baino, Francesco

doi:10.3390/polym2030286

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…The following sections give an overview about the potential vitreous substitutes tested in both approaches. In the mid 1990s, Chirila and co-workers extensively reviewed the early attempts of vitreous replacement by using hydrophilic polymers [27,28], and in 2000 Colthurst et al [143] gave an overview on new advances; more recently, part of a review on the biomaterials used in the treatment of RD was dedicated to this topic, but such a work was still incomplete [144]. The history and performances of experimental polymers are now exhaustively reviewed, and the advances of the last decade, as well as the promises for the future, are particularly highlighted.…”

Section: Towards An Ideal Artificial Vitreous: Polymers Mimicking Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an ideal biomaterial for vitreous replacement: Historical overview and future trends

2011

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Removal of the natural vitreous body from the eye and its substitution with a tamponade agent may be necessary in cases of complicated retinal detachment. Many materials have been variously proposed and tested over the years in an attempt to find an ideal vitreous substitute. This review highlights the evolution of research in the field of vitreous replacement and chronicles the main advances that have been made in such a context. The suitability and limitations of vitreous tamponade agents and substitutes in current clinical use are examined, and the future promise of experimentally tested biomaterials are described and discussed. Future trends in research are also considered and, specifically, the great potential of polymeric hydrogels is emphasized, as they seem to be very effective in closely mimicking the features of the natural vitreous and they could successfully act as long-term vitreous substitutes without inducing clinical complications in the patient's eye.

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Section: Towards An Ideal Artificial Vitreous: Polymers Mimicking Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an ideal biomaterial for vitreous replacement: Historical overview and future trends

2011

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“…The eye is an organ of great complexity. It plays a key role in the visual process as it is the receptor of optical information that is then processed by the retina and transmitted to the brain by means of the optic nerve [17].…”

Section: A Short Overview Of Eye Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the attempt of providing feasible and more effective alternatives to many of the current therapies for the anterior and posterior segment of the eye, new biomaterials and systems were developed such as nano-emulsions, hydrogels, and vesicular systems (liposomes) [11][12][13][14][15][16]. These biomaterials typically belong to the class of polymers, which are soft and well-tolerated by ocular tissues in a number of surgical and non-surgical applications [17][18][19][20]. Controlled drug delivery systems (DDSs) are very appropriate in those cases where a repeated dosing or injection is required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of the Ocular Cell/Tissue Response by Implantable Biomaterials and Drug Delivery Systems

Baino

Kargozar

2020

Bioengineering

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Therapeutic advancements in the treatment of various ocular diseases is often linked to the development of efficient drug delivery systems (DDSs), which would allow a sustained release while maintaining therapeutic drug levels in the target tissues. In this way, ocular tissue/cell response can be properly modulated and designed in order to produce a therapeutic effect. An ideal ocular DDS should encapsulate and release the appropriate drug concentration to the target tissue (therapeutic but non-toxic level) while preserving drug functionality. Furthermore, a constant release is usually preferred, keeping the initial burst to a minimum. Different materials are used, modified, and combined in order to achieve a sustained drug release in both the anterior and posterior segments of the eye. After giving a picture of the different strategies adopted for ocular drug release, this review article provides an overview of the biomaterials that are used as drug carriers in the eye, including micro- and nanospheres, liposomes, hydrogels, and multi-material implants; the advantages and limitations of these DDSs are discussed in reference to the major ocular applications.

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“…These HA releasing hydrogels have the potential to be used in retinal detachment treatments, corneal wound healing, and aftercataract surgery recovery. 29,30 Figure 5(a) shows, for the first time, the extended (30 days) and controlled release of hyaluronic acid from hydrophobic PLGA-PEG-PLGA matrices, modified with poly-L-Lysine (PLL). We hypothesized that through the manipulation of multiple noncovalent (ionic) interactions between a polycation (PLL) and the degradation reactions of the polymeric matrix, the release kinetics can be controlled and extended beyond 2 weeks.…”

Section: Parametric Study Of Hydrogel Modulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28 Hydrophilic molecules, like hyaluronic acid (HA), can be beneficial to promote corneal epithelial wound healing and help in the recovery of retinal detachment and cataract surgery. [29][30][31][32] However, there is little data showing extended and controlled release of hydrophilic drugs, proteins, polysaccharides, and/or nucleic acid structures from these hydrophobic matrices. Hydrophilic structures are carried on the PEG corona of the micelles that are in direct contact with the medium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amphiphilic PLGA‐PEG‐PLGA triblock copolymer nanogels varying in gelation temperature and modulus for the extended and controlled release of hyaluronic acid

Osorno

Maldonado

Whitener

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Different compositional parameters of poly(D,L‐lactic‐co‐glycolic acid)‐b‐poly(ethylene glycol) triblock copolymers (PLGA‐PEG) were varied to analyze their effect on gel formation and mechanical properties. Parameters such as hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratio (PLGA/PEG ratio), lactic acid/glycolic acid ratio (LA/GA ratio), PEG molecular weight (PEG Mw), polymer solution concentration, copolymer molecular weight (Mw), and polydispersity index (PDI) were studied in this work. For copolymers with PEG Mw of 1500 Da, gelation temperature (34–37 °C) was affected by D,L‐LA/GA ratio and Mw; while modulus was affected by LA/GA ratio, Mw, and Mn. Based on the parametric study, an injectable, thermoresponsive hyaluronic acid (HA) delivery platform was designed for ocular applications. PLGA‐PEG copolymers with D,L‐LA/GA ratio of 15/1, PLGA/PEG ratio of 2/1, PEG Mw of 1500 Da, and Mw of about 6 KDa gelled at 35 °C, were optically transparent, had a modulus less than 350 Pa and were used for HA release studies. This work also demonstrates, for the first time, an extended and controlled release of HA, beyond 2 weeks, from injectable hydrogels modified with a noncovalent interacting agent, poly(L‐lysine). Smaller PLL chains slowed down the HA release kinetics, while larger PLL chains produced a release profile similar to the nonmodified hydrogels. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020, 137, 48678.

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The Use of Polymers in the Treatment of Retinal Detachment: Current Trends and Future Perspectives

Cited by 19 publications

References 159 publications

Towards an ideal biomaterial for vitreous replacement: Historical overview and future trends

Towards an ideal biomaterial for vitreous replacement: Historical overview and future trends

Regulation of the Ocular Cell/Tissue Response by Implantable Biomaterials and Drug Delivery Systems

Amphiphilic PLGA‐PEG‐PLGA triblock copolymer nanogels varying in gelation temperature and modulus for the extended and controlled release of hyaluronic acid

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