The use of Pseudomonas fluorescens P13 to control sclerotinia stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) of oilseed rape

Li, Hui; Li, Huaibo; Bai, Yan; Wang, Jing; Nie, Ming; Li, Bo; Xiao, Ming

doi:10.1007/s12275-011-1261-4

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…According to Li et al . (), disease incidence (Di) was calculated by

Di = \frac{n_{1}}{N} \times 100 %

, where n 1 is the number of diseased plants and N is the total number of all investigated plants. Disease index (DI) was calculated by

DI = \frac{\sum g \times n_{2}}{N \times 5}

, where g is the grade of disease severity, n 2 is the number of plants at that grade.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…red or brown spots or stripes on stem; dark brown spots on sheath) were observed every 3 days for 1 month after inoculation. According to Li et al (2011), disease incidence (Di) was calculated by Di ¼ n1 N Â 100%, where n 1 is the number of diseased plants and N is the total number of all investigated plants. Disease index (DI) was calculated by DI ¼ P gÂn2 NÂ5 , where g is the grade of disease severity, n 2 is the number of plants at that grade.…”

Section: I R U L E N C E O F T H E P a T H O G E N I C F U S A R I U Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indirect effects of non‐native Spartina alterniflora and its fungal pathogen (Fusarium palustre) on native saltmarsh plants in China

Zhang

Zheng

et al. 2014

Journal of Ecology

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Summary1. Pathogens can affect their hosts and change community composition and structure. Pathogens may be key determinants of biological invasions. However, few empirical studies exist examining how non-native plants drive their invasions through indirect effects involved with pathogens. Here, indirect effects refer to how one species alters the effect that another species has on a third. 2. Fusarium palustre was associated with the dieback of Spartina alterniflora in its native North American saltmarshes. Native plant Phragmites australis was also found to die back in the Dongtan wetland of the Chinese Yangtze River estuary invaded by non-native Spartina alterniflora. This phenomenon suggests that Spartina might not escape from its pathogen when being introduced from its native North America and has indirectly caused the dieback of Phragmites in China. 3. To investigate the indirect effect of Spartina involving Fusarium, we sampled plants and soils in dieback patches to isolate the pathogen. Next, we used an artificial inoculation study to determine the virulence of Fusarium to both Phragmites and Spartina. Finally, the spatial distribution of Fusarium was studied through examining its incidence in saltmarshes along the east coast of China. 4. The endophytic fungus F. palustre was found to be closely associated with Phragmites dieback in the Dongtan wetland and it is likely that it was transported by non-native Spartina from its native North American saltmarshes to the Chinese saltmarshes. The spillover of F. palustre from nonnative Spartina to native Phragmites might subsequently facilitate Spartina invasion. 5. Synthesis. Invasive plants do not only directly compete with native plants, but also indirectly cause pathogen infection on the latter, by acting as vectors and reservoirs for pathogens shared with native plants. Our findings highlight the significance of indirect effects involving pathogens in biological invasions. It is necessary to consider these pathogen-mediated indirect effects of non-native plant species in multi-host-pathogen systems for management and restoration purposes.

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“…According to Li et al . (), disease incidence (Di) was calculated by

Di = \frac{n_{1}}{N} \times 100 %

, where n 1 is the number of diseased plants and N is the total number of all investigated plants. Disease index (DI) was calculated by

DI = \frac{\sum g \times n_{2}}{N \times 5}

, where g is the grade of disease severity, n 2 is the number of plants at that grade.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: I R U L E N C E O F T H E P a T H O G E N I C F U S A R I U Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indirect effects of non‐native Spartina alterniflora and its fungal pathogen (Fusarium palustre) on native saltmarsh plants in China

Zhang

Zheng

et al. 2014

Journal of Ecology

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“…Sclerotinia sclerotiorum mycelia have also been shown to become malformed when incubated with P. fluorescens . As a result, the growth of S. sclerotiorum was reduced by 84.4% (Li et al ., ). Independent spray inoculation assays with B. amyloliquefaciens NJZJSB3 (Wu et al ., ) and B. subtilis Em7 (Gao et al ., ) resulted in decreased incidence of SSR disease by 83.3% and 50–70% respectively.…”

Section: Biological Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

The control of sclerotinia stem rot on oilseed rape (Brassica napus): current practices and future opportunities

2016

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Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) caused by the phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a major disease of oilseed rape (Brassica napus). During infection, large, white/grey lesions form on the stems of the host plant, perturbing seed development and decreasing yield. Due to its ability to produce long‐term storage structures called sclerotia, S. sclerotiorum inoculum can persist for long periods in the soil. Current SSR control relies heavily on cultural practices and fungicide treatments. Cultural control practices aim to reduce the number of sclerotia in the soil or create conditions that are unfavourable for disease development. These methods of control are under increased pressure in some regions, as rotations tighten and inoculum levels increase. Despite their ability to efficiently kill S. sclerotiorum, preventative fungicides remain an expensive gamble for SSR control, as their effectiveness is highly dependent on the ability to predict the establishment of microscopic infections in the crop. Failure to correctly time fungicide applications can result in a substantial cost to the grower. This review describes the scientific literature pertaining to current SSR control practices. Furthermore, it details recent advances in alternative SSR control methods including the generation of resistant varieties through genetic modification and traditional breeding, and biocontrol. The review concludes with a future directive for SSR control on oilseed rape.

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“…P. fluorescens produces various compounds that suppress the growth of Ralstonia spp. and also induces systemic resistance in the plant 39– 41 . B. subtilis is well known to induce systemic resistance in plants by secreting various kinds of lipopeptides and secondary metabolites, and this agent also improves plant growth 42– 44 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Trichoderma spp., Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis for biological control of Ralstonia wilt of tomato

Yendyo

G.C.²,

Pandey³

2018

F1000Res

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Background: Ralstonia spp. is a major pathogenic microbe for tomato, which invades the roots of diverse plant hosts and colonizes xylem vessels causing wilt, especially in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate regions. Ralstonia spp. produces several virulence factors helping it to invade the plant’s natural defense mechanism. Native isolates of Trichoderma spp., Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis can be used as biocontrol agents to control the bacterial wilt and combined application of these beneficial microbes can give better results. Methods: Bacterial wilt infection in the field was identified by field experts and the infected plant part was used to isolate Ralstonia spp. in CPG media and was positively identified. Subsequently, the efficacy of the biocontrol agents was tested and documented using agar well diffusion technique and digital microscopy. 2ml of the microbial concentrate (10 9 cells/ml) was mixed in one liter of water and was applied in the plant root at the rate of 100 ml per plant as a treatment method. Results: It was observed that the isolated Trichoderma spp. AA2 and Pseudomonas fluorescens PFS were most potent in inhibiting the growth of Ralstonia spp. , showing ZOI 20.67 mm and 22.33 mm, respectively. Digital microscopy showed distinct inhibitory effect on the growth and survival of Ralstonia spp . The results from the field data indicated that Trichoderma spp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens alone were able to prevent 92% and 96% of the infection and combination of both were more effective, preventing 97% of infection. Chemical control methods prevented 94% of infection. Bacillus subtilis could only prevent 84 % of the infection. Conclusions: Antagonistic effect against Ralstonia spp. shown by native isolates of Trichoderma spp. and P. fluorescens manifested the promising potential as biocontrol agents. Combined application gave better results. Results shown by Bacillus subtilis were not significant.

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The use of Pseudomonas fluorescens P13 to control sclerotinia stem rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) of oilseed rape

Cited by 27 publications

References 23 publications

Indirect effects of non‐native Spartina alterniflora and its fungal pathogen (Fusarium palustre) on native saltmarsh plants in China

Indirect effects of non‐native Spartina alterniflora and its fungal pathogen (Fusarium palustre) on native saltmarsh plants in China

The control of sclerotinia stem rot on oilseed rape (Brassica napus): current practices and future opportunities

Evaluation of Trichoderma spp., Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis for biological control of Ralstonia wilt of tomato

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