The use of risk assessment to evaluate waste disposal facilities in the United States of America

Garrick, B. John

doi:10.1016/s0925-7535(01)00035-2

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…This rising attention on nuclear wastes questions has generated an economic and safety assessment that sought to optimize the cost-benefit of these repositories (storage location for disposal of radioactive wastes). Also, several authors have been discussing about this issue [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of a tool to decision making for site selection for high level waste

Madeira

Alvim

Martins

et al. 2016

EPJ Nuclear Sci. Technol.

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Abstract. The aim of this paper is to create a panel comparing some of the key decision-making support tools used in situations with the characteristics of the problem of selecting suitable areas for constructing a final deep geologic repository. The tools addressed in this work are also well known and with easy implementation. The decision-making process in matters of this kind is, in general, complex due to its multicriteria nature and the conflicting opinions of various stakeholders. Thus, a comprehensive study was performed with the literature in this subject, specifically in documents of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), regarding the importance of the criteria involved in the decision-making process. Therefore, we highlighted six judgment attributes for selecting a decision support tool, suitable for the problem. For this study, we have selected the following multicriteria tools: AHP, Delphi, Brainstorm, Nominal Group Technique and AHP-Delphi. Finally, the AHP-Delphi method has demonstrated to be more appropriate for managing the inherent multiple attributes to the problem proposed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of a tool to decision making for site selection for high level waste

Madeira

Alvim

Martins

et al. 2016

EPJ Nuclear Sci. Technol.

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“…Lightning risk assessment can be used to determine where a lightning incident is most likely to occur, and thereby assist with the avoidance and mitigation of the impacts of lightare thought to be the result of interactions between their causative factors and exposure (Kaplan and Garrick, 1981;Smith, 1996;Garrick, 2002). The CG flash/stroke density can be considered the direct cause of a lightning incident, as it is the main factor contributing to lightning risk (Fuquay et al, 1967;Bogdan and Burcea, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The characteristics of lightning risk and zoning in Beijing simulated by a risk assessment model

Hu¹,

Wang

Pan

2014

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. In this study, the cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning flash/stroke density was derived from the lightning location finder (LLF) data recorded between 2007 and 2011. The vulnerability of land surfaces was then assessed from the classification of the study areas into buildings, outdoor areas under the building canopy and open-field areas, which makes it convenient to deduce the location factor and confirm the protective capability. Subsequently, the potential number of dangerous lightning events at a location could be estimated from the product of the CG stroke density and the location's vulnerability. Although the human beings and all their material properties are identically exposed to lightning, the lightning casualty risk and property loss risk was assessed respectively due to their vulnerability discrepancy. Our analysis of the CG flash density in Beijing revealed that the valley of JuMaHe to the southwest, the ChangPing-ShunYi zone downwind of the Beijing metropolis, and the mountainous PingGu-MiYun zone near the coast are the most active lightning areas, with densities greater than 1.5 flashes km −2 year −1 . Moreover, the mountainous northeastern, northern, and northwestern rural areas are relatively more vulnerable to lightning because the high-elevation terrain attracts lightning and there is little protection. In contrast, lightning incidents by induced lightning are most likely to occur in densely populated urban areas, and the property damage caused by lightning here is more extensive than that in suburban and rural areas. However, casualty incidents caused by direct lightning strokes seldom occur in urban areas. On the other hand, the simulation based on the lightning risk assessment model (LRAM) demonstrates that the casualty risk is higher in rural areas, whereas the property loss risk is higher in urban areas, and this conclusion is also supported by the historical casualty and damage reports.

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“…Among other references, the works presented by Bertozzi et al [4], Pritzker and Gassmann [5], Garrick [6] and Malbrain [7] may be cited for high level radioactive wastes, and the works presented by Kim et al [8], Han et al [9], Little and Penfold [10] and Ene [11] for low and intermediate level radioactive wastes. Each work addresses, in a singular manner, all or a part of the safety assessment or performance evaluation, either by deterministic models or probabilistic modelling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A reliability engineering study for a near surface radioactive waste repository using genetic algorithm

Aguiar

Damaso

2010

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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Infiltration of water into a waste disposal facility and into the waste region is the main factor inducing the release of radionuclides from a disposal facility. Since infiltrating water flow is dependent on the natural percolation at the site and the performance of engineered barriers, its prediction requires modelling of unsaturated water flow through intact or partially/completely failed components of engineered barriers. These include the cover systems, concrete vault, backfill, waste forms, and overpacks. This paper aims to carry out a performance study regarding a near surface repository in terms of reliability engineering. It is assumed that surface water infiltrates through the barriers reaching the matrix where radionuclides are contained, thus releasing them into the environment. The repository consists of a set of barriers which are considered saturated porous medium, except geosphere. A genetic algorithm is employed to establish an optimized configuration to the structure of the repository, by determining the thicknesses of barriers and waste packages arrangement, taking into account the engineering and radiological constraints. Such restrictions aim to keep the risks associated with the migration of radionuclides at a low level.

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The use of risk assessment to evaluate waste disposal facilities in the United States of America

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Selection of a tool to decision making for site selection for high level waste

Selection of a tool to decision making for site selection for high level waste

The characteristics of lightning risk and zoning in Beijing simulated by a risk assessment model

A reliability engineering study for a near surface radioactive waste repository using genetic algorithm

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