The use of scratch adhesion testing for the determination of interfacial adhesion: The importance of frictional drag

The fundamental property which often dictates the performance of a coating is its adhesion to the substrate and thus there are many techniques to measure adhesion. The choice of methods is dependent on many factors such as the mechanical properties of the coating and substrate, the interface properties, the microstructure of the coating/substrate system, residual stress, coating thickness and the intended application. Most tests aim to introduce a stable interfacial crack and make it propagate under controlled conditions and model this process to determine adhesion. The corresponding models are either stress analysis-based or energy-based. With the advent of miniature systems and very thin functional coatings, there is a need for characterization of adhesion at small length scales and some specific tests have been developed which are not appropriate for thicker coatings. Among these, indentation and scratch methods have the widest range of applicability but it is necessary to analyse the failure mechanisms before choosing an appropriate model to extract adhesion parameters. This paper reviews the main quantitative adhesion tests for coatings and highlights the tests which can be used to assess submicrometre coatings and thin films. The paper also highlights the modelling and analysis methods necessary to extract reliable adhesion properties illustrating this with examples for submicrometre coatings on silicon and architectural glass.

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“…By taking account into the stress contribution to the friction coefficient, this model was further modified by Bull et al [89],…”

Section: Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

Approaches to investigate delamination and interfacial toughness in coated systems: an overview

Chen¹,

Bull²

2010

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

124

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“…The adhesion of the coating is then evaluated for the damage condition. [11][12][13] However, the Rockwell test and the scratch test, in which adhesion is evaluated on the basis of plastic deformation, induce damage as a result of the application of one load cycle. This makes it difficult to obtain a good correlation with the adhesion evaluation results for the actual parts that undergo many load cycles of repeated sliding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Adhesion and Wear Resistance of DLC Films Deposited by Various Methods

Horiuchi

Yoshida

Kano

et al. 2009

Plasma Processes & Polymers

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Diamond‐like carbon (DLC) coatings are currently being used in a wide variety of industrial fields because of their outstanding properties, such as high hardness and low friction coefficient, among others. DLC coatings have various characteristics depending on the deposition method used. However, they have a problem regarding adhesion with the base material, which is a major factor hindering their expanded application in other fields. The adhesion of DLC coatings is generally evaluated using Rockwell indentation tests and scratch tests. These test methods induce damage in the specimen with the application of a single load. Accordingly, there is a problem of low correlation between such test results and evaluations of the adhesion of coatings on actual components that undergo repeated sliding cycles. With the aim of resolving that problem, this study evaluated the damage condition of three types of DLC coatings having different physical properties using newly devised cyclic sliding test methods involving the application of a continuously increasing load. The evaluation results obtained with these new methods differed from the results of Rockwell tests and scratch tests. These new test methods are more able to reproduce the damage done to DLC coatings in actual sliding cycles. This paper describes the test procedures and the evaluation results obtained.

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“…In this case, the method consist in the load on the indenter increasing linearly as the indenter moves across the test surface at a constant speed until the failure, which sets the value of the critical normal load. This method is considered efficient in the testing of coated surfaces [7,[12][13][14][15][16], however the application to coatingto-substrate adhesion assessment has been questioned [6,16,17]. The respective kind of the failure depends on the properties of substrate and coating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evaluation of the Practical Adhesion Strength of Biocompatible Thin Films by Fuzzy Logic Expert System and International Standards

Socha¹,

Kutílek²,

Vítečková³

2013

Journal of Electrical Engineering

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This work focuses on describing an evaluation method used in nano-and micro-thin films based on fuzzy logic expert systems. The aim is the elimination of comparison complications with mechanical properties of tin films, practical adhesion being one of the most important characteristic of tin films. The basic method for evaluating the practical adhesion strength is scratch test method, while the issue is that research teams use measurement methods based on the non-uniform measurement conditions of adhesion of biocompatible thin films. The authors tested new evaluation method and procedure based on international standards and fuzzy rule based expert system in order to eliminate the problem of comparison of practical adhesion of the films. The article concentrates on testing and using the fuzzy logic expert system designed based on international standards for evaluating adhesion of thin films in nano and micro dimensions. The materials used for tests of the fuzzy expert system were DLC biocompatible layers and substrate a titanium alloy Ti6Al4V.

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The use of scratch adhesion testing for the determination of interfacial adhesion: The importance of frictional drag

Cited by 258 publications

References 14 publications

Approaches to investigate delamination and interfacial toughness in coated systems: an overview

Approaches to investigate delamination and interfacial toughness in coated systems: an overview

Evaluation of Adhesion and Wear Resistance of DLC Films Deposited by Various Methods

The Evaluation of the Practical Adhesion Strength of Biocompatible Thin Films by Fuzzy Logic Expert System and International Standards

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