The use of sol–gel processes in the development of supported catalysts

Rex, A.; Santos, João Henrique Zimnoch dos

doi:10.1007/s10971-022-05975-x

Cited by 19 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Cp OxMix showed higher hydrogen consumption and low surface area compared to sol-gel materials. [18,19,46,47,48] Table 2 presents the theoretical metal dispersion. NiMgAl LHDs prepared by coprecipitation and ion exchange have a low metallic area suitable for CH 4 and CO 2 activation [48] calculated from equations (1-3), see the supporting details for more information.…”

Section: H 2 -Tpr Temperature-programmed Reduction Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhancing Catalytic Performance with Sol‐Gel Hydrotalcite‐Derived Nickel Oxide Catalysts for Dry Reforming of Methane: An Examination on Reactivity and Coke Formation

Gonzalez Caranton,

Stavale,

Annese

et al. 2023

ChemCatChem

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Hydrotalcite‐based materials are preferred as catalysts due to their versatility and easiness of their synthesis. This work studies supported nickel catalysts made from hydrotalcites through sol‐gel synthesis, Ni‐EDTA impregnation, and coprecipitation. The synthetized hydrotalcites present nanocapsular morphology and dispersed nickel nano‐oxide particles after calcination at 500 °C. The catalysts were evaluated at 600 °C and 800 °C for 8 hours and demonstrated high conversions and varying yields, with sol‐gel oxide catalysts (SgOxMix) showing the best performance with the highest reactivity and controlled coke formation at 800 °C after 14 hours of testing. The mixed oxide morphology promotes electronic effects and inhibits carbon encapsulation of metallic particles. Principal component analysis was performed to explain fluctuations in the reaction pathway.

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Section: H 2 -Tpr Temperature-programmed Reduction Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The single peak of metal‐support interaction of IE OxMix is probably due to Ni +2 remaining between the lamellae on cationic sites. Cp OxMix showed higher hydrogen consumption and low surface area compared to sol‐gel materials [18,19,46,47,48] . Table 2 presents the theoretical metal dispersion.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Catalytic Performance with Sol‐Gel Hydrotalcite‐Derived Nickel Oxide Catalysts for Dry Reforming of Methane: An Examination on Reactivity and Coke Formation

Gonzalez Caranton,

Stavale,

Annese

et al. 2023

ChemCatChem

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“…Non-aqueous or non-hydrolytic [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ] and non-oxide [ 12 , 13 ] Sol–Gel systems have also been reported. The so-called non-hydrolytic routes frequently refer to oxidic products, which may be used for similar applications as oxide products derived from hydrolytic routes; these include catalyst supports [ 14 ], optical materials [ 15 ], or aerogels [ 16 , 17 , 18 ], among many others [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Non-Hydrolytic Sol–Gel Route to Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Polymers: Linearly Expanded Silica and Silsesquioxanes

Krupinski

Wagler

Brendler

et al. 2023

Gels

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Condensation reactions of chlorosilanes (SiCl4 and CH3SiCl3) and bis(trimethylsilyl)ethers of rigid, quasi-linear diols (CH3)3SiO–AR–OSi(CH3)3 (AR = 4,4′-biphenylene (1) and 2,6-naphthylene (2)), with release of (CH3)3SiCl as a volatile byproduct, afforded novel hybrid materials that feature Si–O–C bridges. The precursors 1 and 2 were characterized using FTIR and multinuclear (1H, 13C, 29Si) NMR spectroscopy as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis in case of 2. Pyridine-catalyzed and non-catalyzed transformations were performed in THF at room temperature and at 60 °C. In most cases, soluble oligomers were obtained. The progress of these transsilylations was monitored in solution with 29Si NMR spectroscopy. Pyridine-catalyzed reactions with CH3SiCl3 proceeded until complete substitution of all chlorine atoms; however, no gelation or precipitation was found. In case of pyridine-catalyzed reactions of 1 and 2 with SiCl4, a Sol–Gel transition was observed. Ageing and syneresis yielded xerogels 1A and 2A, which exhibited large linear shrinkage of 57–59% and consequently low BET surface area of 10 m2⋅g−1. The xerogels were analyzed using powder-XRD, solid state 29Si NMR and FTIR spectroscopy, SEM/EDX, elemental analysis, and thermal gravimetric analysis. The SiCl4-derived amorphous xerogels consist of hydrolytically sensitive three-dimensional networks of SiO4-units linked by the arylene groups. The non-hydrolytic approach to hybrid materials may be applied to other silylated precursors, if the reactivity of the corresponding chlorine compound is sufficient.

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“…A large number of methods have been proposed to immobilize enzymes on electrode surfaces, concomitantly preserving enzymatic activity and designing efficient electrontransfer pathways between the immobilized enzyme and electrode surface, preventing unspecific side reactions [11][12][13]. Among them, the mostly commonly applied are selfassembled monolayers [14], Langmuir-Blodgett films [15], sol-gel methods [16,17], and LbL films [18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layer-By-Layer Films of Silsesquioxane and Nickel(II) Tetrasulphophthalocyanine as Glucose Oxidase Platform Immobilization: Amperometric Determination of Glucose in Kombucha Beverages

et al. 2023

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This paper describes the development of a novel glucose biosensor through the layer-by-layer technique (LbL). The self-assembled architectures were composed of a positive-charged silsesquioxane polyelectrolyte, 3-n-propylpyridinium silsesquioxane chloride (SiPy+Cl−), nickel (II) tetrassulphophthalocyanine (NiTsPc), and a conductive surface of FTO (fluor tin oxide). The construction of the biosensor was influenced by the isoelectric point (pI) of the glucose oxidase enzyme (GOx), which allowed electrostatic interaction between the outer layer of the silsesquioxane film and the enzyme. The architecture of modified electrode GOx/(SiPy+Cl−/NiTsPc)5.5/FTO was confirmed by UV-Vis, FTIR, and chronoamperometry techniques using different immobilization methods of GOx. Among the studied methods, a higher variation of current was observed for the modified electrode formed by mixed LbL films of SiPy+Cl− and NiTsPc and the enzyme immobilized by drop coating. The stability and reproducibility of the biosensor were verified when the last layer containing the enzyme was coated with 0.2% Nafion® polymer. Under these conditions, a linear response for glucose was obtained in the concentration range of 0.2 to 1.6 mmol L−1 (R2 = 0.991) with a limit of detection of 0.022 mmol L−1. The proposed biosensor was applied to quantify glucose in two different samples of kombucha juices with accuracy, allowing the glucose content of the healthy beverages to be estimated.

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The use of sol–gel processes in the development of supported catalysts

Cited by 19 publications

References 62 publications

Enhancing Catalytic Performance with Sol‐Gel Hydrotalcite‐Derived Nickel Oxide Catalysts for Dry Reforming of Methane: An Examination on Reactivity and Coke Formation

Enhancing Catalytic Performance with Sol‐Gel Hydrotalcite‐Derived Nickel Oxide Catalysts for Dry Reforming of Methane: An Examination on Reactivity and Coke Formation

A Non-Hydrolytic Sol–Gel Route to Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Polymers: Linearly Expanded Silica and Silsesquioxanes

Layer-By-Layer Films of Silsesquioxane and Nickel(II) Tetrasulphophthalocyanine as Glucose Oxidase Platform Immobilization: Amperometric Determination of Glucose in Kombucha Beverages

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