The Use of Stable Isotope Techniques for Studying Mineral and Trace Element Metabolism in Humans

Walczyk, Thomas

doi:10.1002/9783527650484.ch16

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…As fractionation affects isotope ratios differently, calculated values for x P and y P equal each other only in the absence of methodological bias (see Figure 1). Because B in eq 5 is the same irrespective of which ratio is used for calculation of P, we can define this restriction as (6) with the true isotope ratios being expressed as measured isotope ratios following eqs 1 and 2. Only measured average isotope ratios of the reference standard R̅ ref,m and the spike R̅ spike,m and not their true values are needed when measurements are made relative to the reference standard on a δ-scale using normalized fraction indices F. By definition, the δ-value of the reference standard is zero absolute.…”

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confidence: 99%

Measurement of Isotope Abundance Variations in Nature by Gravimetric Spiking Isotope Dilution Analysis (GS-IDA)

Chew

Walczyk

2013

Anal. Chem.

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Subtle variations in the isotopic composition of elements carry unique information about physical and chemical processes in nature and are now exploited widely in diverse areas of research. Reliable measurement of natural isotope abundance variations is among the biggest challenges in inorganic mass spectrometry as they are highly sensitive to methodological bias. For decades, double spiking of the sample with a mix of two stable isotopes has been considered the reference technique for measuring such variations both by multicollector-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICPMS) and multicollector-thermal ionization mass spectrometry (MC-TIMS). However, this technique can only be applied to elements having at least four stable isotopes. Here we present a novel approach that requires measurement of three isotope signals only and which is more robust than the conventional double spiking technique. This became possible by gravimetric mixing of the sample with an isotopic spike in different proportions and by applying principles of isotope dilution for data analysis (GS-IDA). The potential and principle use of the technique is demonstrated for Mg in human urine using MC-TIMS for isotopic analysis. Mg is an element inaccessible to double spiking methods as it consists of three stable isotopes only and shows great potential for metabolically induced isotope effects waiting to be explored.

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Measurement of Isotope Abundance Variations in Nature by Gravimetric Spiking Isotope Dilution Analysis (GS-IDA)

Chew

Walczyk

2013

Anal. Chem.

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“…The natural variation of the 87 Sr/ 86 Sr isotope ratio, as a result of the radioactive decay of 87 Rb, has been used for decades in geochronology and can -in good conscience -be considered as a traditional isotope ratio. In contrast to that the other three naturally occurring isotopes 84 Sr, 86 Sr and 88 Sr have been taken as invariant in nature until the early 2000s when first papers about an observed variation were published. This was mainly as a reward for recent advances in mass spectrometry, which made it possible to measure small isotopic variations with the needed accuracy [24,31].…”

Section: What Is a Non-traditional Stable Isotope?mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…This was mainly as a reward for recent advances in mass spectrometry, which made it possible to measure small isotopic variations with the needed accuracy [24,31]. Isotope ratios of 88 Sr/ 86 Sr and 88 Sr/ 84 Sr would thus rather fall into the group of non-traditional stable isotope ratios.…”

Section: What Is a Non-traditional Stable Isotope?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, studies on mass independent fractionation of Se in accordance with mass independent fractionation of S isotopes has gained interest during the last years [137]. Se isotopes and Se isotopic fractionation in the context of the study of the mineral and trace element metabolism in humans was comprehensively discussed recently by Walczyk [84].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Application of non-traditional stable isotopes in analytical ecogeochemistry assessed by MC ICP-MS - A critical review

Irrgeher

Prohaska

2015

Anal Bioanal Chem

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Analytical ecogeochemistry is an evolving scientific field dedicated to the development of analytical methods and tools and their application to ecological questions. Traditional stable isotopic systems have been widely explored and have undergone continuous development during the last century.The variations of the isotopic composition of light elements (H, O, N, C and S) have provided the foundation of stable isotope analysis followed by the analysis of traditional geochemical isotope tracers (e.g. Pb, Sr, Nd, Hf). Questions in a considerable diversity of scientific fields have been addressed, many of which can be assigned to the field of ecogeochemistry. Over the past fifteen years, other stable isotopes (e.g. Li, Zn, Cu, Cl) have emerged gradually as novel tools for the investigation of scientific topics that arise in ecosystem research and have enabled novel discoveries and explorations. These systems are often referred to as non-traditional isotopes.The small isotopic differences of interest that are increasingly being addressed for a growing number of isotopic systems represent a challenge to the analytical scientist and push the limits of today's instruments constantly. This underlines the importance of a metrologically sound concept of analytical protocols and procedures and a solid foundation of data processing strategies and uncertainty considerations before these small isotopic variations can be interpreted in the context of applied ecosystem research. This review focuses on the development of isotope research in ecogeochemistry, the requirements for successful detection of small isotopic shifts as well as highlights the most recent and innovative applications in the field. Keywordsanalytical ecogeochemistry, non-traditional stable isotopes, isotope tracers, MC ICP-MS, chemical metrology 2

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“…2001). Helpful references involving these applications were reviewed in recent publications (Walczyk 2012, Kendall and Dahl 2017, Holden et al . 2018).…”

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Development of Molybdenum Isotopic Certified Reference Materials with SI‐traceable Property Values

Song

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2020

Geostandard Geoanalytic Res

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Molybdenum isotopes have been widely studied and applied to various fields of Earth and planetary sciences in recent years. Inspired by the increasing demand for reliable and comparable measurement data, three molybdenum isotopic reference materials have been developed by the National Institute of Metrology (China), including one natural‐abundance iCRM (GBW 04504) and two isotopically enriched iCRMs of 97Mo (GBW 04505) and 100Mo (GBW 04506), respectively. The property values of isotope amount ratios and isotopic abundances of these iCRMs have been certified by fully calibrated mass spectrometry using a multi‐collector inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometer. The instrumental mass bias correction was performed using five synthetic isotope mixtures, which were gravimetrically prepared by all seven high‐purity molybdenum isotope materials. The determined absolute molybdenum isotopic compositions of GBW 04504, 04505 and 04506 are thus traceable to the SI units kilogram and mole. On the basis of the assessment in ISO Guide 35: 2017, these iCRMs exhibited sufficient homogeneity and stability for the application of molybdenum isotope‐ratio determinations. The δ98/95MoNIST SRM 3134 value of GBW 04504 was measured as −0.31 ± 0.07‰ (1sm) relative to the delta zero reference material NIST SRM 3134 (Lot No. 130418).

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The Use of Stable Isotope Techniques for Studying Mineral and Trace Element Metabolism in Humans

Cited by 3 publications

References 286 publications

Measurement of Isotope Abundance Variations in Nature by Gravimetric Spiking Isotope Dilution Analysis (GS-IDA)

Measurement of Isotope Abundance Variations in Nature by Gravimetric Spiking Isotope Dilution Analysis (GS-IDA)

Application of non-traditional stable isotopes in analytical ecogeochemistry assessed by MC ICP-MS - A critical review

Development of Molybdenum Isotopic Certified Reference Materials with SI‐traceable Property Values

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