The Uses of Working Memory

Baddeley, Alan

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3500-2_6

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It is believed by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) that the capacity of the short-term store is reHected in one's performance on immediate memory span tasks, such as the digit span task. In the digit span task, a person is presented with a series of digits and then is asked to repeat the sequence of digits he or she just heard (Baddeley, 1989). The number of digits an individual recalls in the correct order reRects the short-term store capacity (Morris & Baddeley, 1988).…”

Section: Modal Model Of Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Craik and Watkins (1973) failed to find a positive correlation between the amount of time an item is held in short-term memory and the amount of long-term learning that has occurred. Moreover, patients with brain damage and severely impaired short-term memory have exhibited longterm learning (Baddeley, 1989).…”

Section: Stimulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…with twO of what Baddeley and Hitch called slave systems, the visuospatial scratch pad and the articulatory loop. The latter two systems are part of the working memory's storage component and are responsible for the temporary storage of visuospatial information and speech-based information, respectively (Baddeley, 1989). The Central Executive System is responsible for selecting and controlling processing of information (Light, 1991); because working memory is assumed to have a limited capacity, its allocation between the processing and storage components varies according to the demands of the task (see Figure 2).…”

Section: Working Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Working Memory and Older Adults: Implications for Occupational Therapy

Andiel

Liu

1995

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy

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Atkinson and Shiffrin's (1968) modal model of memory is still commonly used by rehabilitation professionals to evaluate memory impairment in older adults. However, research to date has been unable to indicate that short-term memory declines with age. These findings have led some rehabilitation professionals to mistakenly conclude that short-term memory is not affected by the aging process. This article reviews both the traditional concept of short-term memory, as outlined by Atkinson and Shiffrin, and the more recent conceptualization of short-term memory in terms of Baddeley and Hitch's (1974) model of working memory. The implications of the concept of working memory has implications for occupational therapy interventions for older adults. For example, clients with dementia may experience difficulties in performing tasks that require drawing inferences. Similarly, language that contains vague references may present problems for these clients. In addition, changes in working memory in older adults suggest that they may experience difficulties with medication management and what Rule, Milke, and Dobbs (1992) called wayfinding. Therefore, evaluations of working memory would provide a better indication of older adults' memory performance than the modal model.

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Section: Modal Model Of Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stimulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Working Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Working Memory and Older Adults: Implications for Occupational Therapy

Andiel

Liu

1995

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy

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“…text and an illustration repeated the same content. Based upon the theoretical discussion developed using Paivio's (1971Paivio's ( & 1986 dual coding theory and supported by Craik and Lockhart's ( 1972) depth of processing analysis of memory and Baddeley and his colleagues theory of working memory (Baddeley & Hitch, 1974Baddeley, 1988Baddeley, , 1989, the effects of repeating content in text and illustration were examined in Experiments 2, 4 and 5. The first five experiments were also concerned with comparing student comprehension and recall 2 of the same content3 depicting spatial information in technical illustrations or in text 1 The studies reported in this thesis employed high school students in a private school for boys in Sydney.…”

Section: Overview Of Exferimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Technical Illustrations on Students' Comprehension in Geography

Purnell¹,

Solman²

1991

Reading Research Quarterly

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Acknowledgement is made for the support and advice given by my academic supervisor, Professor Robert Solman, at the University of New South Wales in the conducting and reporting of this research. The friendly and professional guidance of Robert in the planning and conducting of all aspects of the research and the presentation of this thesis is deeply appreciated. Robert has had many articles published in high criterion journals and his untiring work in co-authoring two papers with me based upon my doctoral research has been invaluable. The first, based on the Experiments 1 to 5 reported in this thesis and entitled "The influence of technical illustrations on students' comprehension in geography", will appear in Reading Research Quarterly, 26 (July-August, 1991). The second paper based on the Experiments 6 to 9 reported in this thesis and co-authored also with Professor John Sweller is under review with Instructional Science. Robert has devoted a great deal of his time and energy to me throughout both my doctoral research and the two papers for publication in higher criterion journals based upon my research. so supportive throughout my doctoral studies. Sandra's kindness, love and xi patience set a framework in which I could work effectively at all times on my research, and in writing the two papers and this thesis. The extra work Sandra did at home, particularly in the final stages of writing this thesis, and her loyalty and . encouragement throughout my research contributed a great deal to getting me through all aspects of my studies.

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“…The current models of working memory are based on two important constructs: (i) it serves as a temporary store of relevant information for later use in the performance of cognitive tasks; and (ii) it is a limited capacity transient attentional system to be defined in functional rather than structural terms (Baddeley, 1981a(Baddeley, , 1981b(Baddeley, , 1989. According to cognitive psychologists, these two constructs together make working memory an important variable in the development of cognitive skills (Schneider & Shiffrin, 1977).…”

Section: Working Memory and Readingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Chapter 4. Understanding L2 reading: A cognitive perspective

Vanniarajan¹

2012

Perspectives on Individual Characteristics and Foreign Language Education

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The Uses of Working Memory

Cited by 10 publications

References 32 publications

Working Memory and Older Adults: Implications for Occupational Therapy

Working Memory and Older Adults: Implications for Occupational Therapy

The Influence of Technical Illustrations on Students' Comprehension in Geography

Chapter 4. Understanding L2 reading: A cognitive perspective

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