The using of thermal analysis methods for study of pore formation in the system resol phenol-formaldehyde resin – Ethylene glycol – p-toluenesulfonyl chloride

Хасков, М. А.; Gulyaev, A. I.; Sinyakov, Stanislav D.; Ponomarenko, S.A.

doi:10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.05.060

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In recent years, enhancement of the toughness of phenol foams has received tremendous attention because of its low strength, extreme brittleness and friability. Phenolic resins (PF) are toughened mainly using flexible polymers, such as polyurethane prepolymer 2 , cardanol 3,4 , polyether polyols 5,6 , epoxy 7 , rubber 8–10 . Besides, renewable biomass, such as tannin 11 , natural fibres 12,13 , have been also used to modify PF resin matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of polyethylene glycol-phenol-formaldehyde based polyurethane composite

Liu

Chen

Wang

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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A series of phenol-formaldehyde-polyethylene glycol polyether polyols (PF-PEGs) were synthesized through the condensation polymerization and etherification of phenol, formaldehyde, and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) under alkaline conditions and subsequently reacted with 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate to obtain polyurethane (PU) films using acetone as solvents. The influence of phenol and formaldehyde to PEG mass ratio ((P + F)/PEG) on the hydroxyl number of PF-PEGs and mechanical properties, thermal stabilities, crystallization behaviors, as well as microstructure of polyurethane composite films were studied using chemical analysis, mechanical tests, thermogravimetric analyses (TGA), dynamic mechanical analyses (DMA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM), respectively. Results demonstrated that PF-PEGs with (P + F)/PEG of 50/50 had the highest hydroxyl number of 323 mg K(OH)/g. The incorporation of phenol and formaldehyde into PEG improved the mechanical properties of polyurethane films, glass transition temperature (Tg), and thermal properties but resulted in the brittleness characteristic of the composite films and low crystallization properties. Moreover, the synthesis mechanism of PF-PEGs polyurethane composite films was revealed, which would provide a theoretical base for the preparation of the rigid polyurethane foams based on phenolic resins.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of polyethylene glycol-phenol-formaldehyde based polyurethane composite

Liu

Chen

Wang

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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“…Moreover, the reaction order can be increased and the curing reaction can be accelerated by p-toluenesulfonyl chloride. [85] In addition to polymer hydrogels, polymerization/chemical cross-linking methods can be used to fabricate hybrid/composite hydrogels. Phenolic resin/silicone hybrid porous structures can be fabricated by chemical cross-linking of phenolic resin in the presence of methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) in an ethylene glycol solution.…”

Section: Chemical Cross-linkingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reproduced with permission. [ 85 ] Copyright 2019, Elsevier. c) Chemical cross‐linking of a phenolic resin with hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) as the cross‐linking agents.…”

Section: Polymer Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 14b ] The chemical cross‐linking of phenol via paraformaldehyde can lead to the formation of polymeric hydrogels with high porosity, a high degree of cross‐linking density, and tunable pore size distribution (Figure 3b). [ 85 ] Such a porous structure can be carbonized through a controlled pyrolysis process to fabricate carbon porous structures. Moreover, the reaction order can be increased and the curing reaction can be accelerated by p ‐toluenesulfonyl chloride.…”

Section: Polymer Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the reaction order can be increased and the curing reaction can be accelerated by p ‐toluenesulfonyl chloride. [ 85 ]…”

Section: Polymer Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A surge of research into renewable foams has yielded an array of high‐performance polymeric materials, many of which exhibit promising properties for next generation thermal insulating materials. Biobased materials are of particular interest, due to growing concerns towards enhancing the circular economy while reducing fossil fuel dependency in the construction industry. This review outlines recent developments in biobased foams based on biobased polyurethanes (BPU), biobased phenol formaldehyde (BPF) and cellulose nanofibers (CNF) foams. These three areas of polymers are of particular interest due to their early stage of market adoption, yet significant industrial potential. As our focus is on construction materials, we will review their thermal, mechanical, and fire‐retardant performance, their synthesis/fabrication methods and future prospects. Improving the scalability, reproducibility and cost‐effectiveness of their production is vital for successful commercialization adoption.

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The using of thermal analysis methods for study of pore formation in the system resol phenol-formaldehyde resin – Ethylene glycol – p-toluenesulfonyl chloride

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

Synthesis and characterization of polyethylene glycol-phenol-formaldehyde based polyurethane composite

Synthesis and characterization of polyethylene glycol-phenol-formaldehyde based polyurethane composite

Flexible Polymer Hydrogels for Wearable Energy Storage Applications

Recent Developments in Biobased Foams and Foam Composites for Construction Applications

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