The Uterus: Normal Postpartum Involution

McEntee, Kenneth

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-483375-3.50015-9

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The required time for the completion of uterine involution varies between studies. Mc Entee [25] reported that it takes a long period of time, even up to 49 days in ewes according to his histological findings. On the contrary, involution process was reported to be ended between 14-21 days in native Pantanal sheep [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Caruncles resume a clean, glistening surface following the necrosis of their whole superficial surface by day 16, or sometimes necrotic caruncular tissue might still attached until day 21. Finally, regeneration of the caruncles are completed by reepithelization on day 28 postpartum [25,28]. Ahmed et al [2] visualised caruncles until 10 days postpartum in Awassi ewes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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B-mode and Doppler Ultrasonographic Assessment of Uterine Involution in Ewes Treated with Two Different Doses of ProstaglandinF2α

Dal

Enginler

Çetin

et al. 2020

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Several studies consisted of postmortem evaluations and B-mode ultrasonography have been performed on ovine uterine involution. However, researches with Doppler ultrasonography are very limited in ewes. Doppler ultrasonography is a non-invasive method which provides information about vascular dynamics of the tissues which cannot be examined by B-mode ultrasonography. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of two different PGF2α doses on uterine measurements by real time B-mode ultrasonography; and on uterine artery hemodynamics by pulsed-wave Doppler analysis during postpartum uterine involution in ewes.Materials, Methods & Results: The study was conducted with 30 primiparous Kiwircik ewes which lambed singleton without any complication. The ewes were randomly divided into three groups (n= 10 for each group). A single i.m. injection of 125 μg/sheep PGF2α, 75 μg/sheep PGF2α, and 1.0 mL/sheep sterile saline solution were administered to Group 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The day of parturition was considered as the first day of the study. Examinations were performed on days 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Diameters of previously gravid horn and caruncles were measured by real time B-mod ultrasonography. Presence of lochia was also noted. Uterine artery pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) values were measured by pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonography. The one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s test were used for statistical analysis. The mean previously gravid horn diameters of ewes were 8.30 ± 0.16 cm and 1.53 ± 0.07 cm on day 1 and day 28, respectively. Previously gravid horn and caruncle diameters had a similar declining pattern in all groups as involution period proceeded. Involution was mostly completed by day 21. More than 50% reduction in uterine size was achieved in prostaglandin administered groups by day 7. Caruncles were not able to be identified after the second week postpartum. Lochia was observed for a longer period in control group. Uterine artery PI and RI showed fluctuations throughout involution period with a similar pattern among groups. S/D values progressively increased until day 14, then showed a decreasing pattern.Discussion: The effects of different PGF2α doses on uterine measurements and uterine artery hemodynamics during postpartum period were compared in ewes for the first time. The uterine size reduction in prostaglandin administered groups suggested that both PGF2α doses were effective in uterine involution. The last observation of lochia in uterine cavity were achieved by day 7 in prostaglandin administered groups, suggesting both PGF2α doses trigger uterine contractions which lead to the removal of uterine content. Automatic measurements by Doppler device were taken in order to provide uniformity and to prevent operator-based bias. The significantly higher uterine artery PI value found in Group 1 on day 1 might suggest the stimulatory effect of PGF2α administration on uterine contractility synergitically with already released endogenous PGF2α. Uterine artery PI and RI showed fluctuations throughout involution period and reached their peak values on day 14. The increasing S/D values up to day 14 indicated increasing diastolic flow, increasing resistance and decreasing blood perfusion in prostaglandin administered groups. Prostaglandin administered groups tended to show higher hemodynamic parameters throughout the study which suggested a vasoconstrictor effect of PGF2α. In conclusion, PGF2α administration on the day of parturition might have constrictor effects both on uterine artery and myometrium which leads to a reduction in uterine blood flow and a rapid decline in uterine size especially during early puerperium even with a reduced dose.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

B-mode and Doppler Ultrasonographic Assessment of Uterine Involution in Ewes Treated with Two Different Doses of ProstaglandinF2α

Dal

Enginler

Çetin

et al. 2020

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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“…For this to happen, the cattle that give birth must have a healthy puerperium period (Arthur et al, 1989). Fertility is disrupted by traumatic, pathogenic, metabolic, breeding and nutrition abnormalities or insufficiencies that negatively affect the postpartum (pp) period (McEntee, 1990). The situation of animals that do not become pregnant despite being inseminated three or more times in practice is defined as repeat breeder, which is one of the key etiological determinants of infertility (Noakes, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of Intrauterine Treatment with Momordica charantia L. on Some Hormone Parameters in Repeat Breeder Cattle

Emre

2024

IJAR

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Background: Repeated breeding is a substantial problem in dairy cattle affecting reproductive efficiency. The goal of the current study was to see how intrauterine treatment of phytotherapeutic plant extract affected some hormonal indicators and conception rates in dairy cattle with fertility issues. Methods: In the study, 40 repeat breeder (RB) cattle were randomly divided into two groups. Forty ml (0.25 g/mL) Momordica charantia L. (MC) extract was administered intrauterine to cattle in group I (n=20) and 40 ml of pure olive oil was administered intrauterine to cattle in group II (n=20) at a time. The control group, group III (n=20), was composed of healthy heifers. Endometrial smear samples were taken from all RB cattle for cytological examination before the treatment and all were stained with Giemsa. Estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) levels were assessed by collecting blood samples starting from intrauterine treatment on days 0, 7 and 14. After the last blood sample was collected, the estrus cycles of all cattle were synchronized through a double dose of PGF2α administration at 14-day intervals. GnRH was administered with single insemination at the 60th hour following the second PGF2α treatment. Result: Subclinical endometritis was determined in 82.5% (33/40) of RB cattle. Pregnancy rates in group I, group II and group III were determined as 55%, 35% and 35%.respectively.(P greater than 0.05). There was no significant difference in E2 values according to time and between groups. For P4, there were also no significant differences between three time-dependent measurements, but there was a difference in the 7th and 14th days of the groups (P less than 0.01). For IGF-1, significant differences were found between the three time-dependent measurements of the groups (P less than 0.001). In conclusion, it was observed that the MC extract treatment, especially in RB with SCE, can improve the pregnancy rate by positively affecting the increase in IGF-1 which is a key element of the extremely complex endocrine system.

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“…5,[8][9][10] Comparison among domestic mammals reveals that involution is most rapid in mares and sows and least rapid in bitches, in which this process is not completed until 12 weeks after parturition. 9,11 Pregnancy may cause lasting quantitative and qualitative changes in the various uterine tissues. 2,12,13,a To our knowledge, there is only 1 morphologic and morphometric report b comparing the uteri of nulliparous and multiparous dogs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Histomorphologic and morphometric evaluation of the uterine horns in nulliparous and multiparous Beagles

Augsburger¹,

Kürzi²

2004

ajvr

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The Uterus: Normal Postpartum Involution

Cited by 3 publications

References 35 publications

B-mode and Doppler Ultrasonographic Assessment of Uterine Involution in Ewes Treated with Two Different Doses of ProstaglandinF2α

B-mode and Doppler Ultrasonographic Assessment of Uterine Involution in Ewes Treated with Two Different Doses of ProstaglandinF2α

The Effectiveness of Intrauterine Treatment with Momordica charantia L. on Some Hormone Parameters in Repeat Breeder Cattle

Histomorphologic and morphometric evaluation of the uterine horns in nulliparous and multiparous Beagles

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