The Utility of Grip Strength as a Simplified Measure of Frailty in the Older Adult in the Preoperative Clinic

Spiegowski, Dominique; Metzger, Lia; Jain, Ankita; Inchiosa, Mario A.; Weber, Garret; Abramowicz, A. Elisabeth

doi:10.7759/cureus.28747

Cureus

2022

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28747

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The Utility of Grip Strength as a Simplified Measure of Frailty in the Older Adult in the Preoperative Clinic

Dominique Spiegowski¹,

Lia Metzger²,

Ankita Jain³

et al.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the measure of grip strength against other validated methods of measuring frailty. Materials and methodsThis was a single-center, cross-sectional study that took place at the Westchester Medical Center Pre-Procedural Testing Clinic. The patient population included n = 73 patients ≥65 years of age evaluated for elective surgery. During the study, patients' grip strength, CFS-I (Clinical Frailty Score of Investigator), CFS-P (Clinical Frailty Score of Participant), and FRAIL … Show more

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2024

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VO2MAX, 6-minute walk, and muscle strength each correlate with frailty in US veterans

Seldeen,

Rahman,

Redae

et al. 2024

Front. Physiol.

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IntroductionFrailty often manifests as an increased vulnerability to adverse outcomes, and detecting frailty is useful for informed healthcare decisions. Veterans are at higher risk for developing frailty and at younger ages. The goal of this study was to investigate approaches in Veterans that can better inform the physiologic underpinnings of frailty, including maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), 6-min walk, muscle strength, and inflammatory biomarkers.MethodsParticipants (N = 42) were recruited from the Buffalo VA Medical Center. Inclusion criteria: ages 60–85, male or female, any race, and not having significant comorbidities or cognitive impairment. Outcome measures included: the Fried frailty phenotype, the short physical performance battery (SPPB), quality of life (QOL) using the Q-LES-Q-SF, and the following physiologic assessments: VO2max assessment on an upright stationary bicycle, 6-min walk, and arm and leg strength. Additionally, inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein, IL-6, IL-10, interferon-γ, and TNF-α) were measured using ELLA single and multiplex ELISA.ResultsParticipants: 70.3 ± 7.4 years of age: 34 males and 8 females, BMI = 30.7 ± 5.4 kg/m2, 26 white and 16 African American. A total of 18 (42.8%) were non-frail, 20 (47.6%) were pre-frail, and 4 (9.5%) were frail. VO2max negatively correlated with Fried frailty scores (r = −0.40, p = 0.03, N = 30), and positively correlated with SPPB scores (r = 0.50, p = 0.005), and QOL (r = 0.40, p = 0.03). The 6-min walk test also significantly correlated with VO2max (r = 0.57, p = 0.001, N = 42) and SPPB (r = 0.55, p = 0.0006), but did not quite reach a significant association with frailty (r = −0.28, p = 0.07). Arm strength negatively correlated with frailty (r = −0.47, p = 0.02, N = 26), but not other parameters. Inflammatory profiles did not differ between non-frail and pre-frail/frail participants.ConclusionObjectively measured cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with important functional outcomes including physical performance, QOL, and frailty in this group of older Veterans. Furthermore, the 6-min walk test correlated with VO2max and SPPB, but more validation is necessary to confirm sensitivity for frailty. Arm strength may also be an important indicator of frailty, however the relationship to other indicators of physical performance is unclear.

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VO2MAX, 6-minute walk, and muscle strength each correlate with frailty in US veterans

Seldeen,

Rahman,

Redae

et al. 2024

Front. Physiol.

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show abstract

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The Utility of Grip Strength as a Simplified Measure of Frailty in the Older Adult in the Preoperative Clinic

Cited by 1 publication

References 29 publications

VO2MAX, 6-minute walk, and muscle strength each correlate with frailty in US veterans

VO2MAX, 6-minute walk, and muscle strength each correlate with frailty in US veterans

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