The utility of neurophysiological markers in the study of alcoholism

Porjesz, Bernice; Rangaswamy, Madhavi; Kamarajan, Chella; Jones, Kevin; Padmanabhapillai, Ajayan; Begleiter, Henri

doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2004.12.016

Cited by 309 publications

(363 citation statements)

References 247 publications

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“…This suggests that time locked frequencies in the delta band may contribute strongly to group differences and explain the association with the P300 component. Hence, similar to the case of P300 component, the lowered post stimulus delta band power in the 300 to 700 millisecond time window may be a good endophenotype to study the predisposition to alcoholism and related disorders (Porjesz et al, 2005). 4.3.1.…”

Section: Event-related Delta Band Changesmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Based on the indications of most past research studies on visual P300 in alcoholism and risk, the ERP component of interest in this study was the parietal P300 (Porjesz et al 2005). Hence, the EEG segments for the target case only were used for the time-requency analysis and only the parietal leads (P3, Pz and P4) were used for P300 amplitude measurements.…”

Section: Data Reduction and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors also suggested that the visual P3 amplitudes had a 'theoretical point of convergence' around the age of 22 for high risk and low risk subjects. However, many studies have established robust visual P300 differences in young adult high risk subjects (Porjesz et al, 2005). Alternatively, the differences may arise due to altered topography of the cognitive potentials in younger versus the older subjects.…”

Section: P300 Amplitude Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The protocol of determining and establishing an endophenotype has also been refined in the process (Porjesz et al, 2005). One of the important criteria for an endophenotype is that in addition to the affected individuals, the trait must also be present in the unaffected relatives and children of the affected individuals at a rate higher than the general population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delta and theta oscillations as risk markers in adolescent offspring of alcoholics

Rangaswamy

Jones

Porjesz

et al. 2007

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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117

136

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Background-Visual P300 is consistently lower in alcohol dependent individuals, their offspring and subjects at risk. Delta and theta event related oscillations (ERO) are the major contributors to the P300 signal. The total and evoked power in delta and theta bands in the 300 to 700 millisecond post-stimulus window (corresponding to the zone of P3 maxima) was compared between adolescent offspring of alcoholics (high-risk) and age-matched normal controls (low-risk), to assess the utility of the risk markers.Methods-EEG was recorded during the performance of visual oddball task. The S-Transform algorithm decomposed the EEG signals into different frequency bands and the group differences in total and evoked power in the oscillatory responses during the P300 time window (300 to 700 ms) were analyzed using a multivariate design. Similar analysis was performed on P300 peak amplitudes for the target.Results-The high-risk group showed significantly lower parietal post-stimulus evoked and total power in the delta band for targets. A decrease in total power was seen centrally and parietally in theta band. The P300 peak amplitude in the parietal electrodes was also significantly lower in the high-risk group.Conclusions-The decreased total theta power and total and evoked delta power for visual targets in high risk individuals may serve as an endophenotypic marker in the development of alcoholism and other disinhibitory disorders. The differences seen between the offspring of alcoholics and controls may have a cholinergic basis. The ERO measures appear to be more robust than the P300 amplitude in differentiating the groups.

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Section: Event-related Delta Band Changesmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Data Reduction and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: P300 Amplitude Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Delta and theta oscillations as risk markers in adolescent offspring of alcoholics

Rangaswamy

Jones

Porjesz

et al. 2007

International Journal of Psychophysiology

Self Cite

117

136

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“…Specific loci on the human genome have been identified that may determine ERP characteristics (Begleiter et al, 1998). These observations suggest that P300 may be a marker of disease phenotype (e.g., Carlson et al, 1999;Jeon and Polich, 2003;Porjesz et al, 2005).…”

Section: Applied P300 Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Updating P300: An integrative theory of P3a and P3b

Polich

2007

Clinical Neurophysiology

6,445

458

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The empirical and theoretical development of the P300 event-related brain potential (ERP) is reviewed by considering factors that contribute to its amplitude, latency, and general characteristics. The neuropsychological origins of the P3a and P3b subcomponents are detailed, and how target/ standard discrimination difficulty modulates scalp topography is discussed. The neural loci of P3a and P3b generation are outlined, and a cognitive model is proffered: P3a originates from stimulusdriven frontal attention mechanisms during task processing, whereas P3b originates from temporalparietal activity associated with attention and appears related to subsequent memory processing. Neurotransmitter actions associating P3a to frontal/dopaminergic and P3b to parietal/norepinephrine pathways are highlighted. Neuroinhibition is suggested as an overarching theoretical mechanism for P300, which is elicited when stimulus detection engages memory operations.

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