The utilization of dl-[3-14c]hydroxybutyrate by malnourished rat pups

Swiatek, Kenneth R.; Chao, Kuen-Lan; Chao, Hsiang-Lin; Dombrowski, George J.

doi:10.1016/0306-4522(79)90032-0

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…2). These results differ from Yeh et al (1982), who found in 14-day-old underfed rats a decrease in both parameters and also differ from Swiatek et al (1979), who did not find alterations in glycemia. The model used for undernutrition by these authors were: an increase in the litter size together with a 40% reduction in maternal diet and an increase in the litter size, respectively.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, Dahlquist and Persson (1976) found a significant decrease in 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase in 20 day old rats with intrauterine growth retardation. Also a decrease in the capacity to synthesize lipids and proteins from 3-hydroxybutyrate in brains from poorly nourished rats has been shown (Swiatek et al, 1979). Indeed, it has been described that glucose stimulates lipid synthesis from ketone bodies in brain (Pate1 and Owen, 1976) and our underfed rats show a decreased glycemia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Activity was measured by recording the appearance of free CoA from acetyl-CoA in presence of Ellman's reagent [5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid)] at 412 nm (Clark and Land, 1974). Cytochrome c oxidase (EC 1.9.3.1) was determined in the mitochondrial fraction treated with Triton Swiatek et al (1979), following the reduction of NAD at 340 nm. 3-Oxoacid-CoA transferase (EC 2.8.3.50) and acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (EC 2.3.1.9) were analyzed in mitochondria1 samples treated with Triton X-100 (0.5%, wthol).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glycemia, Ketonemia, and Brain Enzymes of Ketone Body Utilization in Suckling and Adult Rats Undernourished from Intrauterine Life

Escrivá

Rodríguez

Pascual-Leone

1985

Journal of Neurochemistry

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The effect of undernutrition from the 16th day of pregnancy up to 70th day of life on blood glucose and ketone bodies and on several brain mitochondrial enzymes related to energy metabolism or biosynthetic function was investigated. Undernutrition in perinatal period was established by means of a food restriction to pregnant rats and, later, to the lactating mother; undernourished postweaned rats received half the diet consumed by the controls. Body and brain weight from undernourished rats was less than controls throughout the entire period studied. Glycemia and ketonemia were also always lower than controls. Cytochrome c oxidase, citrate synthase, 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, 3-oxoacid coenzyme A transferase, and acetoacetyl-coenzyme A thiolase activities during the suckling period were in most stages lower than controls; subsequently, activities in undernourished rats reached or surpassed the control values. These results could explain the "catch up" phenomenon in several ultrastructural parameters found by other authors in undernourished postweaned rats.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glycemia, Ketonemia, and Brain Enzymes of Ketone Body Utilization in Suckling and Adult Rats Undernourished from Intrauterine Life

Escrivá

Rodríguez

Pascual-Leone

1985

Journal of Neurochemistry

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“…Total ketone bodies are given by sum of (5-hydroxybutyrate and acetoace tate. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.02. day-old malnourished rats, and from those reported by Swiatek et al [19], who found no changes in glycemia. The undernutrition model utilized by us differs from that used by the above authors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 41%

Effect of Pre- and Postnatal Protein Undernutrition on Glycemia, Ketonemia and Liver Glycogen Concentration in Suckling Rats

et al. 1989

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Pregnant Wistar rats were fed ad libitum diets containing either 25% (control) or 8 % casein (undernourished) from conception through the gestation and lactation periods. Rats from undernourished dams had lower birth weights than control rats and this difference persisted up to day 21 of postnatal life. Livers obtained from undernourished animals aged 10, 15 and 20 days weighed 50% less than control livers. Liver glycogen concentration was much higher in 7- and 10-day-old undernourished rats than in normal rats, but no differences were observed between groups aged 15 or 20 days. Malnutrition caused a decrease in glycemia from 10 days of age and an increase in ketonemia at 10 and 15 days of age. The results show that pre- and postnatal protein malnutrition causes changes in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in rats during the period of brain growth spurt.

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“…Studies on circulating glucose, ketone bodies, and FFA concentrations in neonatal rats during the first 48 hours of birth have been summarised by Nehlig and Pereira de Vasconcelos 2. They compared glucose and hydroxybutyrate values in different studies: Krebs et al reported concentrations of 4.33 mmol/l and 150 μmol/l for rats on the first day12; Swiatek et al reported concentrations of 3.32 mmol/l and 240 μmol/l in malnourished rat pups (whose hydroxybutyrate concentrations were lower than in other studies during the later stages of the newborn period),13 and Girard et al reported 1.0 mmol/l and 175 μmol/l taken at 16 hours of age, with much lower hydroxybutyrate concentrations in the first eight hours 14. These concentrations of hydroxybutyrate are not dissimilar to our measured values of 154 and 202 μmol/l in hypoglycaemic and normoglycaemic Nepali newborn infants, respectively, averaged over the first 48 hours, although great caution is needed when making comparisons across species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal hypoglycaemia in Nepal 2. Availability of alternative fuels

Costello

Pal

Manandhar

et al. 2000

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition

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Aims-To study early neonatal metabolic adaptation in a hospital population of neonates in Nepal. Methods-A cross sectional study was made of 578 neonates, 0 to 48 hours after birth, in the main maternity hospital in Kathmandu. The following clinical and nutritional variables were assessed: concentrations and age profiles of blood glucose, hydroxybutyrate, lactate, pyruvate, free fatty acids (FFA) and glycerol; associations between alternative fuel levels and hypoglycaemia; and regression of possible risk factors for ketone availability. Results-Risk factors for impaired metabolic adaptation were common, especially low birthweight (32%), feeding delays, and cold stress. Blood glucose and ketones rose with age, but important age eVects were also found for risk factors like hypothermia, thyroid hormone activities, and feeding practices. Alternative fuel concentrations, except FFA, were significantly reduced in infants with moderate hypoglycaemia during the first 48 hours after birth. Unlike earlier studies, small for gestational age (SGA) infants had significantly higher hydroxybutyrate:glucose ratios which suggested counter regulatory ketogenesis. Hypoglycaemic infants were not hyperinsulinaemic. Regression analysis showed risk factors for impaired counter regulation which included male and large infants, hypothermia, and poorer infant thyroid function. SGA infants and those whose mothers had received no antenatal care had increased counter regulation. Conclusions-Alternative fuels are important in the metabolic assessment of neonates, and they might provide eVective cerebral metabolism even during moderate hypoglycaemia. Hypoglycaemic infants generally had lower concentrations of alternative fuels through either reduced availability or increased consumption. SGA and post term infants increased counter regulatory ketogenesis with early neonatal hypoglycaemia, but hypothermia, male gender, and low infant T4 were associated with impaired counter regulation after birth.

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The utilization of dl-[3-14c]hydroxybutyrate by malnourished rat pups

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Glycemia, Ketonemia, and Brain Enzymes of Ketone Body Utilization in Suckling and Adult Rats Undernourished from Intrauterine Life

Glycemia, Ketonemia, and Brain Enzymes of Ketone Body Utilization in Suckling and Adult Rats Undernourished from Intrauterine Life

Effect of Pre- and Postnatal Protein Undernutrition on Glycemia, Ketonemia and Liver Glycogen Concentration in Suckling Rats

Neonatal hypoglycaemia in Nepal 2. Availability of alternative fuels

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