The Utilization of Medicinal Plants for Healthcare Purposes by the Residents of Turmik Valley, Gilgit-Baltistan Pakistan

Abstract

People in Turmik valley, which is located in one of the more isolated areas of Gilgit-Baltistan, continue to rely on natural treatments to fulfill their main healthcare requirements. However, the folk wisdom that has been passed down through generations is gradually disappearing as a result of the development of contemporary allopathic medicines. For this reason, it is essential to document the indigenous wisdom for the benefit of children and grandchildren. The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of medicinal plants in the investigation area for the treatment of a variety of illnesses. The research findings revealed the presence of 27 plant species belonging to 17 distinct families in the studied area. Among these, the Asteraceae family was found to be the most prevalent, comprising seven different species. Leaves and flowers emerged as the most frequently utilized plant parts, constituting 40% of the overall usage, and were typically prepared as decoctions (accounting for 24% of preparations). In terms of species dominance, Thymus emerged as the most prominent, followed by Cicer microphyllum Royle, while Sassurea graminifolia was identified as the least dominant species. However, it is important to note that the medicinal plants in the region face a range of threats, including overgrazing, uprooting, unsustainable harvesting practices, and the adverse effects of climate change. These challenges underscore the pressing need for conservation efforts, which should involve both government agencies and local communities, in order to safeguard these crucial medicinal species. The study recommends implementing awareness sessions and training programs, ideally through academic institutions, to raise awareness about the importance of conserving these medicinal plants and to equip individuals with the knowledge and skills needed for sustainable practices. Notably, Thymus, Benth, Hippophae rhamnoides ssp., and Convolvulus arvensis L. were identified as the most commonly used medicinal plants in the region, emphasizing their significance in traditional healing practices.