The utilization of new products formulated from water coconut, palm sap sugar, and fungus to increase nutritional feed quality, feed efficiency, growth, and carcass of gurami sago (Osphronemus goramy Lacepède, 1801) juvenile

Azrita, Azrita; Syandri, Hafrijal; Aryani, Netti; Mardiah, Ainul; Suharman, Indra

doi:10.12688/f1000research.74092.1

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Zhang et al 35 state that the diet's proportion of DHA/EPA must be precise to develop better feed formulations. For this case, the DHA/EPA ratio of the diet for maximum growth of Nile tilapia was 1.42, 7 including 1.70 for giant gourami 4 and 0.53 for Atlantic salmon. 10 Supplementation with fish oil in aquafeed directly reflects the chemical composition of aquafeed and can influence DHA/EPA ratios.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“… 7 , 33 , 34 According to previous research, commercial feeds do not contain complete nutrients such as EPA and DHA. 4 Therefore, improving the nutrition of fish feed can be done by supplementing fish oil containing EFA and DHA. In this study, adding fish oil to feed directly correlated with the EPA and DHA composition for the D1, D2, D3, and D4 diets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it has been reported that EPA and DHA were not detected in commercial pellet feed. 4 Conversely, EFA and DHA were found in commercial fish feed, which enriches coconut water and palm sap sugar, fermented with various fungi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 1 , 2 Therefore, food sources from freshwater fish farming are increasingly being recognized for their role in an environmentally sustainable and nutritionally sustainable food system. 3 , 4 However, freshwater fish contain fewer omega (ω)-3 fatty acids than omega (ω)-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), making them a healthy food. 5 , 6 Therefore, fish feed freshwater must be provided with the addition of omega (ω)-3 FUPAs carried out sustainably.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 16 However, better feed quality is related to the nutrients of the whole-body carcass and is beneficial for human health. 1 , 4 , 5 , 8 , 14 , 17 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatty acid composition on diet and carcasses, growth, body indices and profile serum of Asian redtail catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) fed a diet containing different levels of EPA and DHA

et al. 2023

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Background: The Asian redtail catfish Hemibagrus nemurus is a promising commercial aquaculture freshwater big-sized Bagridae catfish across Asian countries such as the Mekong, Malay Peninsula, and Indonesia. This study analysed the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) supplementation in diets on changes in fatty acid compositions in feed and fish meat, lipid quality (atherogenic index and thrombogenic index), growth rate, body indicators, and serum metabolites of Hemibagrus nemurus juveniles. Methods: A total of 180 Asian redtail catfish (initial weight 54.80 ± 2.72 g) were fed four levels (0, 3,150, 6,300, and 9,450 mg of EPA+DHA/kg feed) sourced from fish oil. Diets were fed in triplicate in freshwater tarpaulin ponds, with 15 fish per tarpaulin pond. During the experiment, fish were fed 3% per day of the biomass weight. Results: Categorically, there were significant differences in the composition of fatty acids in the feed and fish meat. The atherogenic index was between 1.76 and 1.84, and the thrombogenic index was between 0.81 and 0.89 in all fish meat. Growth performance was significantly different between diets, while body indices did not make a significant difference between diets. The fish meat EPA and DHA showed positive linear relationships with diet EPA (p <0.001, r2 = 90%) and DHA diet (p<0.001, r2 = 85%). Serum metabolites among treatments D2 and D3 diet-fed feed for 60 days did not significantly differ. Glucose (GLU) levels had moderate relationships with triglycerides (TAG) (r2 = 65%), and GLU levels strongly correlated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (r2 = 81%). Conclusions: Based on diets and whole-body carcass compositions, growth performance, and serum metabolites, Asian redtail catfish fed a diet containing 6,300 mg of EPA+DHA/kg feed are best for food safety.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 16 However, better feed quality is related to the nutrients of the whole-body carcass and is beneficial for human health. 1 , 4 , 5 , 8 , 14 , 17 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fatty acid composition on diet and carcasses, growth, body indices and profile serum of Asian redtail catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) fed a diet containing different levels of EPA and DHA

et al. 2023

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Analysis of Fatty Acids and Amino Acids of Three Local Freshwater Bagridae Fish Species in the Kampar Kanan River, Indonesia, for Food Security

Azrita,

Syandri,

Zakeri

et al. 2024

International Journal of Food Science

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Fish have become an irreplaceable dietary source of animal protein, especially among households with low socioeconomic status in rural and urban areas of Indonesia. This study is aimed at analysing the proximate composition, minerals, fatty acids, and amino acids of three local Bagridae fish species in the Kampar Kanan river, Indonesia. The standard AOAC method was employed to examine the proximate composition of the carcass, and the analysis of amino acids and fatty acids was conducted through HPLC and GC-MS, respectively. The mineral content was determined using AAS. The nutrient composition results of Hemibagrus nemurus, Hemibagrus wyckii, and Mystus nigriceps revealed that the protein content was 24.26%, 22.57%, and 21.39% (% dry weight), whereas the total lipid content was 6.64%, 7.47%, and 7.75%, respectively. Regarding mineral contents, the calcium levels ranged from 1.49 to 1.66 mg/g, iron levels from 28.35 to 40.36 μg/g, and zinc levels from 24.03 to 54.46 μg/g. Among the fatty acids, palmitic acid was the most abundant in all three species, accounting for 25.59–30.70% of the total fatty acids. Additionally, significant amounts of C18:1 (oleic acid), C18:0 (stearic acid), and C20:4 (arachidonic acid) were also detected as primary fatty acids. The calculated atherogenic index values in the three species of Bagridae fish ranged from 0.73 to 0.99, while the thrombogenic index values varied between 0.54 and 0.75. The predominant amino acids found in the three species of Bagridae fish were glutamic acid with their concentrations ranging from 9.10 to 24.34%. These results indicate that consuming the meat of these three freshwater Bagridae fish species caught in the wild does not pose any health risks to consumers. They can be considered a safe and suitable food source with good nutritional quality.

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Effect of feed enriched by products formulated from coconut water, palm sap sugar, and mushroom on the chemical composition of feed and carcass, growth performance, body indices, and gut micromorphology of giant gourami, Osphronemus goramy (Lacepède, 1801), juveniles

et al. 2023

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Background: Giant gourami, Osphronemus goramy (Lacepède, 1801) is the most important freshwater fish species produced by aquaculture in Indonesia. This study seeks to determine the effects of various newly formulated products on the amino acid composition of the diet and whole-body carcass, and to analyse the growth coefficient, body indices, and gut micromorphology. Methods: 100 g of palm sap sugar was cooked in 1.1 litre of fresh water for fifteen minutes, to create 1 litre of 11% palm sap sugar solution (after some of it had been boiled off). 2 litres of coconut water were then mixed with the litre of palm sugar solution. 1 litre of this product was added in turn to 2 g of Aspergillus niger (CP2), 2 g of Rhizopus oligosporus (CP3), and 2 g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CP4), while freshwater was used as a control (labeled CP1). Aquafeed was added to CP1, CP2, CP3, and CP4, to make diets labeled KP1, KP2, KP3, and KP4. The dosage was 150 ml/kg of feed. Juvenile giant gourami (initial weight 50±0.25 g and length 13.2±0.07 cm) were reared in triplicate net frames (2×1×1 m; water volume 1.5 m3) in a freshwater concrete pond with a stocking density of 30 juveniles/net. Results: The results supported our hypothesis that different product formulations have a significant effect (P < 0.05) on aquafeed nutrition and the whole-body carcass, growth coefficient, feed utilization, body indices, and gut micromorphology of giant gourami juveniles. The thermal growth coefficient strongly correlated with the daily growth coefficient (r2 = 91%). The KP3 diet contains a higher concentration of amino acids, which increased the growth coefficient, feed utilization, and carcass quality more than the other diets we tested. Conclusions: Diet KP3 contains higher total amino acids in diets and carcasses and leads to better growth for giant gourami.

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The utilization of new products formulated from water coconut, palm sap sugar, and fungus to increase nutritional feed quality, feed efficiency, growth, and carcass of gurami sago (Osphronemus goramy Lacepède, 1801) juvenile

Cited by 10 publications

References 75 publications

Fatty acid composition on diet and carcasses, growth, body indices and profile serum of Asian redtail catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) fed a diet containing different levels of EPA and DHA

Fatty acid composition on diet and carcasses, growth, body indices and profile serum of Asian redtail catfish (Hemibagrus nemurus) fed a diet containing different levels of EPA and DHA

Analysis of Fatty Acids and Amino Acids of Three Local Freshwater Bagridae Fish Species in the Kampar Kanan River, Indonesia, for Food Security

Effect of feed enriched by products formulated from coconut water, palm sap sugar, and mushroom on the chemical composition of feed and carcass, growth performance, body indices, and gut micromorphology of giant gourami, Osphronemus goramy (Lacepède, 1801), juveniles

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