The Valorization of Rice Waste via Torrefaction Method

Teh, Kwo W.; Madusari, Sylvia

doi:10.18178/ijcea.2016.7.6.615

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Teh and Jamari [175], Wajima and Sakakibara [176], and Alhinai et al [177] carried out studies on the torrefaction and pyrolysis of rice husk and rice straw. Abudi et al [178] investigated biogas production from co-digestion of municipal solid waste with thickened waste-activated sludge and rice straw.…”

Section: Ricementioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of Potential Resources for Biomass Energy in Nigeria

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nigeria is a developing country with an insufficient supply of energy to meet the continuously growing demand. However, there are several biomass resources available within the country. This paper presents a desk review, which investigates the potential resources for biomass energy generation within the country. Energy policies to aid biomass use as an energy source within the country were also reviewed. Biomass resources identified within Nigeria include forest residues, agricultural residues, human and animal wastes, aquatic biomass, and energy crops. However, several of the resources, particularly agricultural residues, have competing uses, such as livestock feed and soil rejuvenation. An estimation of the technical energy potential of the biomass resources revealed that about 2.33 EJ could be generated from the available resources in Nigeria. Agricultural residues have an energy potential of about 1.09 EJ, with cassava, maize, oil palm, plantain, rice, and sorghum being the major contributors. Animal wastes, municipal solid waste, and forest residues have energy potentials of 0.65, 0.11, and 0.05 EJ, respectively. The potentials of wood fuel and charcoal are 0.38 and 0.05 EJ, respectively. The study found that despite the available potential and existing policies, not much has been done in the implementation of large-scale bioenergy within the country. However, there has been laboratory and research-scale investigations. The review suggests that more policies and stronger enforcement will aid bioenergy development within the country. From the review, it has been suggested that the agricultural sector needs to be developed to generate more biomass resources. More research, development, and implementation have to be carried out on biomass resources and bioenergy generation processes. The production of non-edible energy crops in marginal lands should also be considered prime to the development of bioenergy within the country.

show abstract

Section: Ricementioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment of Potential Resources for Biomass Energy in Nigeria

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, another objective of this study was to investigate the effect of torrefaction on the physical characteristics of the corn cob at different temperatures and at different residence times. Previously, different researchers proposed that energy intensification and mass loss of biomass are proportional to the heating temperatures of 200-300 C. All are tinged with uncertainty, as the temperature range is too wide and does not specify a precise effect of different torrefaction temperatures towards a particular biomass (Teh and Jamari, 2016). The present study gives a detailed baseline data, employing a single biomass fraction (Corn cob), under the maximum possible temperature ranges from 200 C to 300 C (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physicochemical characterization of Thar coal and torrefied corn cob

Kanwal

Munir

Chaudhry

et al. 2019

Energy Exploration & Exploitation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, the corn cob was torrefied at five different temperatures (200, 225, 250, 275 and 300 C) for four different residence times (15, 30, 45 and 60 min). The physical and chemical properties such as proximate and ultimate analysis, true density, grindability and hydrophobicity of Thar coal along with raw and torrefied corn cob were investigated. To examine the changes in the functional groups of torrefied corn cob, more information was taken from spectrometric studies, by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It was found that there is no significant improvement in the physical and chemical characteristics of torrefied corn cob at low torrefaction temperatures of 200 and 225 C, although as the torrefaction temperature and residence time increased, a significant improvement was found in the physical and chemical characteristics of the torrefied corn cob. At the maximum torrefaction temperature (300 C) and longer residence time (60 min), the physical and chemical characteristics of the torrefied biomass were found to be equivalent to Thar coal. The FTIR studies showed that due to torrefaction, the R-OH groups decrease and C¼O groups were increased within the fuel. Due to this change, the tendency of corn cob to absorb water decreases and the biomass becomes more hydrophobic in nature. Thus, torrefaction is an effective way to improve the characteristics of corn cob to such an extent that it could be comparable to Thar coal, which is a lignite coal. Previously, different researchers proposed that energy intensification and mass loss of biomass are proportional to the heating temperatures of 200-300 C. All were tinged with uncertainty, as the temperature range is too wide and does not specify a precise effect of different torrefaction temperature towards particular biomass. While the present study gives a point by point comprehensive information, utilizing single biomass (Corn cob), underneath the maximum feasible temperature levels from 200 C to 300 C (for example 200, 225, 250, 275 and 300 C) and

show abstract