The Value of a Spillover Fishery for Spiny Lobsters Around a Marine Reserve in Northern New Zealand

Kelly, Shane; Scott, Donald S.; MacDiarmid, Alison

doi:10.1080/089207502753504689

Cited by 71 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The reason for the decline in numbers was probably increased fishing around the boundary of the reserve that targeted seasonal offshore movements of this species (25,26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decadal trends in marine reserves reveal differential rates of change in direct and indirect effects

Babcock

Shears

Alcala

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

500

554

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Decadal-scale observations of marine reserves suggest that indirect effects on taxa that occur through cascading trophic interactions take longer to develop than direct effects on target species. Combining and analyzing a unique set of long-term time series of ecologic data in and out of fisheries closures from disparate regions, we found that the time to initial detection of direct effects on target species (±SE) was 5.13 ± 1.9 years, whereas initial detection of indirect effects on other taxa, which were often trait mediated, took significantly longer (13.1 ± 2.0 years). Most target species showed initial direct effects, but their trajectories over time were highly variable. Many target species continued to increase, some leveled off, and others decreased. Decreases were due to natural fluctuations, fishing impacts from outside reserves, or indirect effects from target species at higher trophic levels. The average duration of stable periods for direct effects was 6.2 ± 1.2 years, even in studies of more than 15 years. For indirect effects, stable periods averaged 9.1 ± 1.6 years, although this was not significantly different from direct effects. Populations of directly targeted species were more stable in reserves than in fished areas, suggesting increased ecologic resilience. This is an important benefit of marine reserves with respect to their function as a tool for conservation and restoration. T he current global trend to increase the number of no-take marine reserves is a phenomenon with complex ecologic, scientific, and socioeconomic dimensions (1-3). Stakeholders want to know how rapidly changes will occur after protection, even if natural variability can be large and difficult to predict. Patterns of variation in recovery rates of harvested species determined from long-term empirical studies can provide these important ecologic insights. Studies that have quantified the rate at which recovery of targeted species may take place have found the main factors affecting the recovery rates of populations in reserves to be the following: initial population size, intrinsic rate of increase (r), stock recruitment relationships, size of reserve, metapopulation structure, relationships with source locations, annual variations in success of individual recruitment events, the success of reducing fishing mortality (F) in the reserve (4-6), and the degree to which fishing has affected populations. Most of these factors relate to population growth, suggesting that recovery is a cumulative process. In addition, the design of reserves and rates of movement across reserve boundaries frequently play a strong role (4

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“…The reason for the decline in numbers was probably increased fishing around the boundary of the reserve that targeted seasonal offshore movements of this species (25,26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decadal trends in marine reserves reveal differential rates of change in direct and indirect effects

Babcock

Shears

Alcala

et al. 2010

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

500

554

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For the immediate and substantial spillover of a species with a medium-low mobility, like P. elephas, into the surrounding fished zone to occur, the protected area needs to be on about the same spatial scale as the annual movement of individuals (Childress, 1977;Sánchez Lizaso et al, 2000;Kelly et al, 2002). In a reserve substantially greater than the scale of lobster movement, the majority of lobsters will be retained within the boundaries, thus limiting spillover.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emigration and retention of <i>Palinurus elephas</i> (Fabricius, 1787) in a central western Mediterranean marine protected area

et al. 2007

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SUMMARY: This study describes the results obtained by applying the Arnason Schwartz multistate mark-recapture model to eight years of data collected in and around a small no-fishing marine protected area (MPA; 4 km 2 ) in the central western Mediterranean. From 1997 to 2004, a total of 4044 specimens of Palinurus elephas (Fabr., 1787) were tagged and 317 recaptured. The most parsimonious model which best explained the data variability was that of a temporally constant rate of apparent survival and movement in each of the two strata. The absence of any temporal influence in the apparent survival rate inside the no-take area suggested that spillover and mortality are constant for each period of the study. The lower apparent survival rate in surrounding zones than inside the MPA (0.26 ± 0.04 (SE) vs 0.94 ± 0.03 (SE)) is presumed to be a function of fishing effort. A continuous movement of P. elephas across the boundary of the small MPA was also tested. This information on retention of lobsters in the MPA contributes to our understanding of the effect of introducing MPAs into a managed commercial fishery system.

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“…We are not aware of any studies that assess the impacts of a sex-biased (invertebrate) fishery together with the effects of marine reserve protection; however, a number of studies looking at sex ratios of the partially protected (i.e. protection of ovigerous females) spiny lobster Jasus edwardsii in New Zealand have revealed differences in sex ratios of J. edwardsii between marine reserves and adjacent fished sites (MacDiarmid & Breen 1992, Davidson et al 2002, Kelly et al 2002. Due to the intense fishing pressure, limited movement and relatively well-established populations within Moreton Bay, S. serrata was chosen as the species most likely to show dramatic responses to reserve protection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of marine reserve protection on the mud crab Scylla serrata in a sex-biased fishery in subtropical Australia

Pillans

Pillans²,

Johnstone³

et al. 2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The impact of sex-biased fishing and marine reserve protection on the mud crab Scylla serrata was examined by comparing the catch rates (catch-per-unit-effort, CPUE), mean size, sex ratios and movement of crabs in 2 coastal marine reserves (1.9 and 5.7 km 2 ) and 4 fished non-reserve sites in subtropical Australia. Five years after closure, both marine reserves supported higher catch rates and a larger mean size of S. serrata than non-reserve sites. Males dominated catches of S. serrata in both marine reserves, where CPUE was at least twice as high within the reserves compared to non-reserve sites. Male crabs were also 10% larger in the reserves compared to adjacent fished areas, and of the total male catch, over 70% were equal to or greater than legal size compared to less than 50% outside the reserves. The sex ratio of S. serrata was skewed towards females in all nonreserve sites, which was most likely a result of the ban on taking female S. serrata in Moreton Bay. As only male crabs of ≥15 cm CW made up the S. serrata fishery in Moreton Bay, sex ratios of mature male and female crabs were examined, revealing a strong skew (2:1) towards mature males in both marine reserves. Of the 472 S. serrata captured in this study, 338 were tagged in the reserves in order to document movement of the crabs between the reserve and non-reserve sites. Of the 37 recaptured crabs, 73% were recorded inside the reserves, with some spillover (i.e. cross-boundary movement) of crabs recorded in fished areas. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of small (< 6 km

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The Value of a Spillover Fishery for Spiny Lobsters Around a Marine Reserve in Northern New Zealand

Cited by 71 publications

References 13 publications

Decadal trends in marine reserves reveal differential rates of change in direct and indirect effects

Decadal trends in marine reserves reveal differential rates of change in direct and indirect effects

Emigration and retention of <i>Palinurus elephas</i> (Fabricius, 1787) in a central western Mediterranean marine protected area

Effects of marine reserve protection on the mud crab Scylla serrata in a sex-biased fishery in subtropical Australia

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