The Value of Historic Window Glass

Dungworth, David

doi:10.1179/175675011x12943261434567

Cited by 43 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Early glassmakers made various attempts to control the colour due to Fe oxidation state by adding oxides of polyvalent metals, including manganese, antimony and, in the early modern period, arsenic [1]. Thus, if we want to 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 understand the practices of the ancient glass workers and the extent of their control on the final glass colours, we need to systematically study the oxidation state of the glass chromophores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A XANES study of chromophores in archaeological glass

2012

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Abstract:We applied X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) to obtain information on the origin of glass color of several archaeological samples and on the oxidation conditions employed during their production. We studied a series of selected glass fragments mainly from excavated primary and secondary production centers and dated to the first millennium AD containing iron and manganese in a wide compositional range. In most of the studied samples iron is rather oxidized, while Mn K-edge XANES data show that, in all the studied glass, Mn is mainly present in its reduced form (predominantly 2+), with the possible subordinate presence of Mn3+. The most oxidized samples are the HIMT (High Iron Manganese Titanium) glasses, while the less oxidized belong to the primary natron glass series from the early Islamic tank furnaces at Bet Eliezer (Israel), and to the series coming from a Roman glass workshop excavated in Basinghall Street, London. In these glasses, iron is approximately equally distributed over the 2+ and 3+ oxidation states. The XANES analyses of two glass which had been deliberately decolorized using Sb-and Mnbased decolorizers, demonstrate that Sb is more effective than Mn as oxidant.Response to Reviewers: Torino 04/10/12Dear Editor please find enclosed the revised version of the manuscript APYA-D-12-00685 "A XANES study of chromophores in archaeological glass." by Rossella Arletti, Simona Quartieri and Ian Freestone, modified after the reviewers' comments. All the points raised by the reviewers are commented in the following. Editor:The manuscript may look just as "another paper reporting the study of ancient glasses from other provenances" once the novelty eventually contained in the submitted manuscript is not dully emphasized. Beyond complementing the reported chemical data, a more detailed physical discussion of XANES results would help support the submission of the manuscript to Applied Physics A, Materials Science & Processing.-A table with the whole chemical analyses of all the samples was provided -some more details have been added to the description of the method adopted for the determination of Fe oxidation state. Powered by Editorial Manager® and Preprint Manager® from Aries Systems CorporationReviewer #1: Page 2, line 57-58: It would benefit the readers to include a reference of using arsenic to control the color due to Fe oxidation state as I found it is less common than antimony and manganese for the same role.-As far as we are aware, arsenic was not used regularly as a decolorant in glass until the eighteenth century AD in Bohemia. It was used on a regular basis in the nineteenth century (see Dungworth D, 2011. The Value of Historic Window Glass. The Historic Environment 2, 21-48). This reference has been added to the manuscript.Page 3, line 26: Please delete a space before the last bracket.-The text was corrected according to the referee suggestion Page 3, line 30: Please use a comma between 20 and 21.-The text was corrected according to the referee suggestion Page 4, line 13: The...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A XANES study of chromophores in archaeological glass

2012

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“…HLLA glass was produced by using plant ash yielded from burning a wide variety of wood and plant species (Schalm et al . ; Dungworth ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Chronology of Insiza Cluster Khami‐Phase Sites in South‐Western Zimbabwe: Compositional Insights from pXRF and Raman Analysis of Excavated Exotic Glass Finds

et al. 2019

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Fourteen glass beads and one glass fragment from Khami-period (AD 1400-1830) sites of Danamombe, Naletale, Gomoremhiko, Nharire and Zinjanja, in Zimbabwe, were analysed by pXRF and Raman spectroscopy with the intention of correlating the results with associated radiocarbon dates. The results show that Zinjanja and an earlier part of the Danamombe stratigraphic context had Khami Indo-Pacific beads (15th-17th centuries) corresponding with Torwa occupational layers. Other European beads and one bottle fragment [high-lime, lowalkali (HLLA) glass] dating from the 16th to the 19th centuries were confined to the top stratigraphic layers of Danamombe and Naletale, which coincide with the later Rozvi occupational layers. Gomoremhiko had one Mapungubwe-Zimbabwe bead series (13th-15th centuries), which suggests that it was probably earlier than the other sites. All European beads are made of soda-lime plant-ash glass with high alumina, which makes them comparable with glass produced through the Mediterranean traditions in Southern Europe.

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“…Glasses are not limited to the ornamental resources, it was distorted from the window panels, household glassware as well as laboratory wares [1]. Recently, glasses find the numerous applications in different fields such as optical instruments, electrical transmission, optical fibre, radiation shielding, electrochemical, electronic and electro-optic devices etc [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication of lead-bismuth titanate borosilicate glass ceramics and dielectric characteristics doped with GNPs

Madheshiya

Gautam

Srivastava

2020

Mater. Res. Express

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Different compositions (x) of lead-bismuth titanate borosilicate (PBTB) glasses have been synthesized using a conventional melt-quenching method in the compound 55[(Pb x Bi 1−x )TiO 3 ]−44[2SiO 2 .B 2 O 3 ], (x=0.0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 1.0) mixed with 1 mol % of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). XRD analysis exhibited the synthesis of clear PBTB glasses which confirmed the amorphous nature. Synthesized glasses have been converted into glass-ceramics (GCs) using a differential thermal analysis (DTA) results to understand the crystallization mechanism. XRD results described the crystalline behavior of GC samples and distinct phase formation. The surface morphology of the GCs was analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX) have been also performed to verify the elemental composition of the GC sample, PBTG0.5735 F (x=0.5). The variation in relative dielectric constant (ε r ) and dissipation factor (D) by increasing temperatures was obtained at different frequencies.The GC sample PTG1.0746 F (x=1.0) showed a maximum value of dielectric constant among all glass ceramic samples.

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The Value of Historic Window Glass

Cited by 43 publications

References 25 publications

A XANES study of chromophores in archaeological glass

A XANES study of chromophores in archaeological glass

The Chronology of Insiza Cluster Khami‐Phase Sites in South‐Western Zimbabwe: Compositional Insights from pXRF and Raman Analysis of Excavated Exotic Glass Finds

Fabrication of lead-bismuth titanate borosilicate glass ceramics and dielectric characteristics doped with GNPs

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