“…Specifically, Elliot, Morse and Richardson (1984) study abnormal returns generated before and after the public disclosure of information concerning dividends, earnings, bond ratings, mergers, and bankruptcies. In the USA, insider purchases have been more profitable than sales (Baesel and Stein, 1979;Nun et al 1983;Seyhun, 1998;Lakonishok and Lee, 2001) and there is a positive trading volume/leverage impact on profitability (Seyhun, shall (2002), who find that an increase in the volume of insider purchases was associated with an increase in abnormal returns, but this was not the case for insider sales. Lakonishok and Lee (2001) argue that this is because insiders have many reasons to sell, which include liquidity, rebalancing and diversification, and these are not always undertaken based on pricesensitive inside information.…”