The value of offshore field experiments in oil spill technology development for Norwegian waters

Faksness, Liv-Guri; Brandvik, Per Johan; Daling, Per S.; Singsaas, Ivar; Sørstrøm, S.E.

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.07.035

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This information is of great importance on the transportation and fate of chemically dispersed oils (e.g., resurface, oil-mineral aggregation, emulsification and biodegradation, etc.). Finally, dispersed oil concentrations in the water column (quantification of the dispersion) and/or measuring the distribution of the dispersed oil droplet diameter and their composition are sometimes determined (Faksness et al 2016) (the quality/stability of the dispersion). But a global assessment could also be done by measuring the residual floating oil left on the surface (undispersed oil) at the end of the test (Baszanowska et al 2019;Duan et al 2019).…”

Section: Mesoscale Dispersant Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These experiments are as doing "laboratory work at sea". Such studies were conducted to evaluate the behaviour of spilled oils (i.e., drifting, spreading, and weathering) validate laboratory testing methods in the marine environment (Faksness et al 2016), and to assess the dispersibility limits of various viscosity oils (Lewis 2005). When completing at sea experiment on small oil releases ("mini slicks"), the natural dissipation of the oil is usually quite short.…”

Section: Small Scale Sea Experiments Of Surface Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stronger the wind is, the faster the weathering process will be, which could even lead to very heterogeneous situations application rates was also developed (Merlin and Peigné et al 2007). Similarly, the underslung helicopter based dispersant system "Response 3000", developed by the Norwegian, has been validated through the annual Norwegian sea trials (Faksness et al 2016). More recently Norwegian sea trials helped to develop large shipborne spraying types of equipment, for open sea and for ice infested waters.…”

Section: Large Scale Sea Trials Of Surface Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dispersants as marine oil spill treating agents: a review on mesoscale tests and field trials

Merlin¹,

Zhu

Yang

et al. 2021

Environ Syst Res

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The increasing oil demand and busy waterways highlight the importance of oil spill preparedness and responses. Dispersants attract attention as an effective response tool to manage the impacts of major spill incidents. Despite in-depth laboratory evaluations on the effectiveness of chemical dispersants and their impacts on the transportation and fate of spilled oils, how dispersant works at sea remains a question and calls for the tests with greater realism to validate laboratory results, bring in energy impacts, and evaluate dispersant application equipment. Mesoscale studies and field trials have thus been widely conducted to assist better spill response operations. Such research attempts, however, lack a systematic summary. This study tried to fill the knowledge gaps by introducing the mesoscale facilities developed to advance the understanding of dispersant effectiveness on various sea conditions. An up-to-date overview of mesoscale studies and field trial assessments of dispersant effectiveness has also been conducted. We ended this review by highlighting the importance of public perception and future research needs to promote the approval and application of dispersants in spill incidents.

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Section: Mesoscale Dispersant Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Small Scale Sea Experiments Of Surface Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Large Scale Sea Trials Of Surface Releasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Dispersants as marine oil spill treating agents: a review on mesoscale tests and field trials

Merlin¹,

Zhu

Yang

et al. 2021

Environ Syst Res

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“…The transport and use of oil leads to the generation of oily effluents in the marine environment as well as the emission of gaseous pollutants [12]. Conventional remediation is classified as (i) physical or mechanical methods employing floating barriers known as booms and skimmers to contain and suck up the spilled oil and hydrophobic absorbents that repel water and capture the oil; (ii) biological and (iii) chemical, the latter of which includes on-site burning, the use of solidifiers, or gelling agents that transform the oil into a solid compound and dispersants, which are composed of surfactants, organic solvents, stabilizers, and other additives that break up the oil into emulsified droplets (oil-in-water emulsion) and accelerate the natural bioremediation process [60][61][62].…”

Section: Application Of Biosurfactants For Bioremediation Of Marine E...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosurfactants as Multifunctional Remediation Agents of Environmental Pollutants Generated by the Petroleum Industry

Filho

Converti

Silva³

et al. 2023

Energies

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Fuel and oil spills during the exploration, refining, and distribution of oil and petrochemicals are primarily responsible for the accumulation of organic pollutants in the environment. The reduction in contamination caused by hydrocarbons, heavy metals, oily effluents, and particulate matter generated by industrial activities and the efficient recovery of oil at great depths in an environmentally friendly way pose a challenge, as recovery and cleaning processes require the direct application of surface-active agents, detergents, degreasers, or solvents, often generating other environmental problems due to the toxicity and accumulation of these substances. Thus, the application of natural surface-active agents is an attractive solution. Due to their amphipathic structures, microbial surfactants solubilize oil through the formation of small aggregates (micelles) that disperse in water, with numerous applications in the petroleum industry. Biosurfactants have proven their usefulness in solubilizing oil trapped in rock, which is a prerequisite for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Biosurfactants are also important biotechnological agents in anti-corrosion processes, preventing incrustations and the formation of biofilms on metallic surfaces, and are used in formulations of emulsifiers/demulsifiers, facilitate the transport of heavy oil through pipelines, and have other innovative applications in the oil industry. The use of natural surfactants can reduce the generation of pollutants from the use of synthetic detergents or chemical solvents without sacrificing economic gains for the oil industry. Therefore, investments in biotechnological processes are essential. It is predicted that, in the not-too-distant future, natural surfactants will become viable from an economic standpoint and dominate the world market. The application of biosurfactants in these settings would lead to industrial growth and environmental sustainability. The main goal of this paper is to provide an overview of diverse applications of biosurfactants on environmental remediation, petroleum biotechnology, and the oil industry through a scientific literature review.

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“…Since the energy levels, dispersant application methods (premixed or applied on oil) and sampling regimes (static/dynamic) are different, it is often difficult to obtain high correlations between the effectiveness measured with the different laboratory methods. Limited data exists from field testing of dispersant effectiveness that can be correlated against laboratory studies, however, work have been performed in UK [15] [16] and in Norway [17] [18] [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Proposed New Laboratory Protocol for Dispersant Effectiveness Testing Adapted for Subsea Dispersant Injection

Brandvik¹,

Daling²,

Dunnebier³

et al. 2019

JEP

Self Cite

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The main objective of this study is to develop a new protocol for bench-scale dispersant effectiveness testing adapted for subsea dispersants injection (SSDI). The new approach includes turbulence conditions, dispersant injection techniques and quantification of effectiveness, more representative for a SSDI operation. Results from the new system are compared to dispersant effectiveness measured with established laboratory methods, used for screening dispersants for surface application. The most significant result is that the dispersant ranking obtained with the new test relevant for subsea releases was very different compared to the ranking obtained by screening methods used for surface application of dispersants. This strongly indicates that existing standard methods for dispersant effectiveness testing designed for simulating conditions relevant for surface application of dispersants, are less relevant for SSDI effectiveness testing and justify the need for a more relevant method. Such a Dispersant Injection Effectiveness Test (DIET) is suggested and documented in this study.

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The value of offshore field experiments in oil spill technology development for Norwegian waters

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Dispersants as marine oil spill treating agents: a review on mesoscale tests and field trials

Dispersants as marine oil spill treating agents: a review on mesoscale tests and field trials

Biosurfactants as Multifunctional Remediation Agents of Environmental Pollutants Generated by the Petroleum Industry

A Proposed New Laboratory Protocol for Dispersant Effectiveness Testing Adapted for Subsea Dispersant Injection

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