The Value of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) in Neurological Diseases

Augustin, Albert J.; Atorf, Jenny

doi:10.3390/diagnostics12020468

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…This point is directly related to the misdiagnosis of FH in the general population [ 4 ]. In addition to this, exclusion criteria were based only on the absence of ophthalmological disease, while other general affectations such as neurological disorders could also impact retinal vascular densities [ 40 ]. Concerning the volunteers constituting the CT group, they were recruited on the basis of a self-reported absence of personal or familial FH history and not being on cholesterol-lowering medications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal Microvascular Changes in Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Analysis with Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Eid

Arnould

Gabrielle

et al. 2022

JPM

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Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common but underdiagnosed genetic disorder affecting cholesterol metabolism, leading to atherosclerotic disease. The relationship between retinal microvascular changes and the presence of atheroma in patients with FH (FH group), and in comparison to volunteers without FH (CT group), needs further investigation. This cross-sectional study was conducted in a university hospital between October 1, 2020 and May 31, 2021. Cardiovascular data, including the Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) score, were recorded for FH patients. Macula angiograms were acquired using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS OCT-A) to analyze both the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP). A total of 162 eyes of 83 patients were enrolled in the FH group and 121 eyes of 78 volunteers in the CT group. A statistically significant association was found between the CAC score and both vessel density (β = −0.002 [95% CI, −0.004; −0.0005], p = 0.010) and vessel length (β = −0.00005 [95% CI, −0.00008; −0.00001], p = 0.010) in the DCP. The FH group had a significantly lower foveal avascular zone circularity index than the CT group in multivariate analysis (0.67 ± 0.16 in the FH group vs. 0.72 ± 0.10 in the CT group, β = 0.04 [95% CI, 0.002; 0.07], p = 0.037). Retinal microvascularization is altered in FH and retinal vascular densities are modified according to the CAC score.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal Microvascular Changes in Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Analysis with Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Eid

Arnould

Gabrielle

et al. 2022

JPM

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“…For the macula region, the OCTA scan generates projections of the macula's vascular network (i.e. the choriocapillaris and choroid vasculature) at preset depths, permitting the ophthalmologists to diagnose and follow up on different eye diseases in the macula region [11][12][13][14]40]. Therefore, the research in OCTA is evolving.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction and Visualization of 5μm Sectional Coronal Views for Macula Vasculature in OptoVue OCTA

et al. 2023

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A Computerized Medical Image Processing (CMIP) method is proposed to address the current challenges of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA): (1) the need for observing the macula vasculature concerning natural curvature of the macula region; (2) the need for generating OCTA frames at successive small depths in all macula layers; and (3) the need for enhancing the visibility of blood vessels, particularly below the outer retina region. The proposed CMIP method involves image preprocessing, reconstruction, and enhancement stages. Twenty subjects were obtained from the OCTA500 dataset, which was obtained from the OptoVue OCTA machine. The 20 subjects comprise the two OCTA fields of view (FOV), right and left eyes (OD and OS), and five common macula disorders. The sequential enface OCTA images at 5µm macula depths were displayed. The presentation of the macula vasculature was enhanced at all depths. The resulting new ophthalmic views enable: (1) avoiding the superimposition of macula vasculature into a projection map; (2) enhancing the OCTA presentation of blood vessels; and (3) inspecting the macula's 3D oval-shaped. The proposed CMIP method can generate sectional macula coronal views (MCV) for every 5µm depth, clarifying the macula's curvature in a way that has not been presented in OCTA machines. Therefore, "tracking" the 3D propagation of the blood vessel network at all macula depths becomes possible. Furthermore, the blood vessels' display at all macula depths, including the deep choroid layers, is enhanced. The method yields futuristic ophthalmic advantages that would allow the physician to precisely inspect the 3D localization and diffusion of the macula disorders. The method is invariant to the OCTA's FOVs, macula disorder, and OD or OS eye.

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“…OCTA, an noninvasive and 3D angiography technique for retinal and choroidal vessels, has gained increasing importance as a fast and non-invasive method for analyzing fundus microvasculature in a wide variety of systemic diseases not only hypertension and diabetes but also neurological diseases 7 , autoimmune disease 8 , and cardiovascular systemic diseases (CVD) 9 . Currently, several studies revealed that carotid arterial disease (CAD) is an independent related factor of retinal microvascular disease assessed by OCTA in type 2 diabetes patients 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between the Retinal/Choroidal Microvasculature and Carotid Plaque in Patients with CHD: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study

Wang

Jiang²,

Wang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background To investigate the associations between retinal/choroidal microvasculature and carotid plaque in patients with CHD assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods This study included 127 CHD patients with and 79 without carotid plaque. Each patient had both OCTA taken and digitized to determine retinal/choroidal thickness, vessel density and flow area and carotid ultrasound for carotid plaque size and stability measurement. SCP, DCP, out retina and choriocapillaris vessel density, out retina and choriocapillaris flow area, and full retina thickness were analyzed in the fovea centered 6 × 6 mm area. The association between OCTA measurements and carotid plaque characteristics in patients with CHD were evaluated. Results The duration of hypertension and DM was significantly longer in CHD patients with carotid plaque than that without (p < 0.001). The mean values for vessel density SCP and DCP (except fovea zone), and choriocapillaris nasal zone were significantly lower in plaque group (p < 0.05). Negative correlations between the carotid plaque width and vessel density SCP and DCP (except fovea zone) (p < 0.05) were also found in this study. Conclusions In patients with CHD, carotid plaque, a risk factor and marker of atherosclerosis and stenosis, is significantly and independently associated with retinal and choroidal microvascular changes by OCTA.

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The Value of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A) in Neurological Diseases

Cited by 18 publications

References 80 publications

Retinal Microvascular Changes in Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Analysis with Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Retinal Microvascular Changes in Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Analysis with Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Reconstruction and Visualization of 5μm Sectional Coronal Views for Macula Vasculature in OptoVue OCTA

Associations Between the Retinal/Choroidal Microvasculature and Carotid Plaque in Patients with CHD: An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study

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