The value of the SUV ratio between lymph node and bone marrow in predicting pelvic lymphatic metastasis of patients with locally advanced cervical cancer: an integrated PET/CT study

Abstract

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the value of the standardized uptake value (SUV) ratio between lymph nodes and bone marrow (BM) measured by Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose PET and computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) for predicting pelvic lymph node (PLN) metastasis in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). Materials and methods A total of 62 patients with pathological stage Ib-IVa cervical cancer who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT before treatment were reviewed retrospectively. We measured the metabolic and morphological parameters of lymph nodes and primary tumors, bone marrow SUV (SUVBM) and calculated the ratio of lymph nodes maximum SUV (SUVmax) to bone marrow SUV (SUVLN/BM) and the ratio of short-axis diameter to long-axis diameter (Ds/l) of lymph nodes. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of each parameter. Results There were 180 lymph nodes with pathological evidence included in the study. Our results indicated that Ds/l, SUVmax of lymph nodes (SUVLN) and SUVLN/BM were independent risk factors for PLN metastasis in LACC (P < 0.05), and SUVLN/BM showed the best diagnostic performance by ROC curve analysis. The SUVBM in the anemia group was significantly higher than that in the nonanemia group (3.05 vs. 2.40, P < 0.05); furthermore, false-positive cases decreased when the SUVLN/BM was used as the diagnostic criterion instead of SUVLN, especially in the anemia group. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve value of the combination of SUVLN/BM and Ds/l was 0.884 (P < 0.05), which was higher than Ds/l or SUVLN/BM alone. Conclusions SUVLN/BM could improve the ability to predicting PLN metastasis in patients with LACC, and the diagnostic efficacy of the combination of SUVLN/BM and Ds/l might be better than that of a single parameter.