The value(s) of flexible heat pumps – Assessment of technical and economic conditions

Felten, Björn

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.06.031

Cited by 40 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…They identify 5 articles focused on peak-load shifting and 20 on the wider topic of thermal storage in buildings. Felten and Weber (2018) concluded that the combination of a heat pump and a thermal storage may achieve financial for some specific technical characteristics and control models. Baeten, Rogiers and Helsen (2017) coupled a heat pump with a hot water tank dedicated to space heating.…”

Section: Main Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RED WoLF: Combining a battery and thermal energy reservoirs as a hybrid storage system

Shukhobodskiy

Colantuono

2020

Applied Energy

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Energy consumption of households is not evenly distributed. To satisfy peak demand, additional CO 2 intensive generators are turned on when demand peaks. To avoid peak demand from dwellings, the RED WoLF (Rethink Electricity Distribution Without Load Following) hybrid storage system is proposed, consisting of batteries, storage heaters and a water cylinder. This aims at avoiding the use of these peak generators and integrating a higher share of renewables on the Power Grid. This system is planned to be tested in 100 houses distributed in 6 pilot sites in Great Britain, Ireland and France, which are currently undergoing construction or refurbishment. This study presents the theoretical model of the controlling algorithm, which enables the uptake of Grid electricity only when CO 2 intensity is below a dynamically computed threshold. The algorithm is tested in computer simulations over the four seasons with varying size of batteries and photovoltaic arrays. Results show how RED WoLF algorithm satisfies households demands while, at the same time, successfully avoiding domestic peak demand, with a significant drop of CO 2 emissions. This is achieved by both increasing photovoltaic self-consumption and uptake of low carbon Grid energy. For example, with a 7 kWh battery and a 4 kW photovoltaic array, CO 2 emissions drop by 30% to almost 100%, depending on the season, relative to the same house without the RED WoLF system. The system has the potential to shift residential demand from peak power/peak times to low value electricity at a time of low demand.

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Section: Main Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RED WoLF: Combining a battery and thermal energy reservoirs as a hybrid storage system

Shukhobodskiy

Colantuono

2020

Applied Energy

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“…In recent years, there has been a growing interest in optimally combining heat pumps with photovoltaic systems for single-and multi-family houses. One objective, at a system level, is to Felten and Weber [18] reviewed several control strategies for an air to water HP and identified, in detail, system configuration similarities and assumptions between studies. One of the conclusions is that the boundary conditions are quite diverse among the existing literature.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Boundary Conditions on the Performance Enhancement of Advanced Control Strategies for a Residential Building with a Heat Pump and PV System with Energy Storage

et al. 2020

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Operational control strategies for the heating system of a single-family house with exhaust air heat pump and photovoltaic system and "smart" utilization of energy storage have been developed and evaluated in a simulation study. The main aim and novelty of this study is to evaluate the impact on the benefit of these advanced control strategies in terms of performance (energy use and economic) for a wide range of boundary conditions (country/climate, occupancy and appliance loads). Short-term weather data and historic price data for the same year as well as stochastic occupancy profiles that include the domestic hot water load are used as boundary for a parametric simulation study for the system modeled in detail in TRNSYS 17. Results show that the control using a forecast of dynamic electricity price leads to greater final energy savings than those due to the control using thermal storage for excess PV production in all of the examined locations except Sweden. The impact on self-consumption using thermal storage of heat produced by the heat pump using excess PV production is found to decrease linearly with increasing household electricity for all locations. A reduction in final energy of up to 842 kWh year −1 can be achieved just by the use of these algorithms. The net energy cost for the end-user follows the same trend as for final energy and can result in cost savings up to 175 € year −1 in Germany and Spain due to the use of the advanced control.Energies 2020, 13, 1413 2 of 25 increase the renewable share of the heating system by means of increasing the self-consumption (SC) of electricity produced by photovoltaics (PV), and by reducing the final energy (FE) purchased from the grid. Moreover, another objective is to reduce the net cost of the final energy using smart control based on forecasts of dynamic electricity price and short-time horizon weather data. In a larger context, at the grid level, the main objective is to match the electricity load of the heating system with the electricity production from renewable sources in order to limit power exchange and reduce the stress to the grid.A number of studies have been conducted in order to propose technical solutions about how to utilize the renewable electricity production in a smart way and how to control the heating or cooling demand. Psimopoulos et al. [4] developed predictive rule-based controls for smart utilization of thermal and electrical storages and analyzed the results for a case study in Sweden. Arteconi et al.[5] utilized the thermal energy storage (TES) of hot water tank, in particular, with heating distribution systems that have a low thermal inertia as radiators, and implemented demand response algorithms based on real-time electricity prices to improve the system operation. However, despite their achievements in load curtailment, higher use of energy and accordingly higher cost of electricity resulted. Thur et al. [6] showed the potential of overheating control using the thermal mass of the building with radiant floor heating together with s...

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“…Weber [50] analysed the impact of forecast errors on estimating the flexibility potential of an air-source heat pump, coupled with a thermal heat storage and controlled by a MPC strategy. The results estimated differences of heat pump energy consumption and operation costs were below 5% when compared to the ideal case of a perfect foresight.…”

Section: Baseline Ocpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the energy flexibility potential of single buildings equipped with optimally-controlled heat pump, gas boilers and thermal storage

D’Ettorre

Роса

Conti

et al. 2019

Sustainable Cities and Society

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The present paper assesses the capability of a cost-optimal control strategy to activate demand response actions in a building equipped with an air-source heat pump coupled with a water thermal storage system. Commencing with a reference scenario where no demand response actions are considered, the electricity consumption pattern and the operational cost are evaluated. Several demand response scenarios are next considered by adapting consumption patterns by reduction of baseline heat pump power consumption. The difference between the operational cost evaluated under a specific demand response program and the benchmark cost are used to assess the marginal cost that should be considered to provide incentives to promote user participation in demand response programs. The results illustrate the effectiveness of thermal energy storage for reducing the total system operational cost and its seasonal primary energy consumption, both with and without demand response actions. The application of the proposed methodology over the whole heating season, allows performance maps to be created that can be used either by the grid-operator or end-user to identify the best demand response action to be implemented on any particular day. These maps represent useful decision tools to assess and optimise the flexibility potential while meeting end-user needs.

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The value(s) of flexible heat pumps – Assessment of technical and economic conditions

Cited by 40 publications

References 54 publications

RED WoLF: Combining a battery and thermal energy reservoirs as a hybrid storage system

RED WoLF: Combining a battery and thermal energy reservoirs as a hybrid storage system

Impact of Boundary Conditions on the Performance Enhancement of Advanced Control Strategies for a Residential Building with a Heat Pump and PV System with Energy Storage

Mapping the energy flexibility potential of single buildings equipped with optimally-controlled heat pump, gas boilers and thermal storage

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