The variability of different larch clone provenances on the response to the attack by its main pests and fungal diseases

Synthesis and New Observations on Needle Pathogens of Larch in Northern Finland

“…Larch needle blight caused by Hypodermella laricis was first described in Central Europe on European larch 120 years ago [9] and is now common at high elevations of the Alpine region above 1000 m [10][11][12][13], and on larch in Siberia [14]. It is native to North America and was also recorded on western larch (L. occidentalis Nutt.)…”

“…One plausible hypothesis is that the late spring in the Alps and early spring in the Arctic Circle, together with persistent winds from the South and high humidity, coincided with the foliage flush. Vilcan et al [13] have reviewed and generalized the principles of the life cycle and etiology of H. laricis in short: "Infection by spores occurs in early spring as soon as the leaves emerge, but there is no evidence that hyphae invade the dwarf shoots. The fungus disrupts the normal abscission mechanism, and the fructifications and spores of H. laricis develop on the leaves that remain attached to the dwarf shoots.…”

“…Lophodermium laricinum Duby, described by Duby in 1861 [36], is often mentioned as one of the pathogens that infects larch needles [11,13,19]. A typical characteristic of Lophodermium species is that they fruit on fallen needles [37] and infrequently cause black lines across the needles [38].…”

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“…Поэтому интерес к представителям данного рода ни в России [1][2][3], ни за ее пределами [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] не ослабевает. Проводятся активные исследования систематики, физиологии, межвидового разнообразия и внутривидового полиморфизма рода Лиственница по широкому спектру признаков и свойств, имеющих хозяйственное, адаптационное и идентификационное значение [1][2][3][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Пигментный состав листового аппарата во многом определяет параметры фотосинтеза и в конечном итоге продуктивность и устойчивость древесных растений [19][20][21][22][23].…”