The variability of secondary metabolites in mentha × piperita cv . ‘perpeta’ during the development of inflorescence

Abstract

Mints (Mentha L., Lamiaceae) are known and classified as aromatic plants with high content of essential oil (EO) and are famous medical plants in traditional and conventional medicine all over the world. Mentha × piperita, the best known mint, is used chiefly for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Peppermint has also shown strong antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant activity and seems to have an antitumour, immunomodulating, antiallergic and chemoprotective potential (Mckay & Blumberg, 2006;Košťálová et al.;. The pharmacological effects of mints are chiefly because of the presence of two main groups of secondary metabolites: EO and phenolic compounds. EO of mints is composed of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, the content of which varies from species to species. The main phenolic compounds in mints are phenolic acids (especially rosmarinic acid) and flavonoids (eriodictyol, luteolin, apigenin and their glycosides). In the Mentha × piperita (L.) Huds. of the family Lamiaceae is a very important species for commercial exploitation due to the high content of essential oil. Besides the essential oils, there are also other significant secondary metabolites in peppermint, especially flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic derivatives. In this study, we evaluate the variability of essential oil constituents and of phenolic compounds in the leaves of M. × piperita during the development of inflorescence. Similar studies, dealing with the variation of the essential oils and its composition, have been performed in the past, but no attention was paid to the variation of other secondary metabolites. We examined M. × piperita cv. 'Perpeta' , the domestic cultivar. The plants were cultivated in the climatic conditions of south-west Slovakia. The contents of secondary metabolites were investigated in the week periods, from the beginning of inflorescence formation to the end of flowering. The yield and the quality of essential oil have been carried out by distillation and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The phenolic substances were analysed using spectrophotometric methods according to European Pharmacopoeia. The highest contents of phenolic substances have been found in leaves of plants during the flowering phenophase, the same stage when essential oil of mint also achieves the highest quality.

Recent advances in genusMentha: Phytochemistry, antimicrobial effects, and food applications

“…Recently, this plant is used for the preparation of toothpaste, chewing gum, mouthwash, soaps, sweets, balms or creams, and cough medicine (Hossain et al, 2014). The EO has been commonly used as a flavoring substance in beverages, providing a "fresh-like" aroma and taste (da Cruz Almeida et al, 2018Almeida et al, , 2019 (Soković et al, 2009); menthone (29.01%) followed by menthol (5.58%) and menthyl acetate (3.34%) (Derwich, Chabir, Taouil, & Senhaji, 2011); menthol (41.6%) and L-menthone (24.7%) (Pang et al, 2020); menthol (33.8%), menthone (15.2%), methyl acetate (13.0%), and pulegone (8.3%) (Chagas et al, 2020), menthofuran (19.0-70.5%) (Andro et al, 2013;Bozin et al, 2006;Getahun et al, 2008;Sutour et al, 2011;Jerkovic et al, 2001); menthol (36.9%), menthone (28.8%), and methyl acetate (4.5%), carveone (3.8%), neomenthol (3.8%), 1,8-cineole (3.8%), and limonene (3.29%) (Mahboubi & Kazempour, 2014); carvone (51.04%), limonene (36.37%), and β-pinene (1.66%) (Goudjil, Ladjel, Bencheikh, Zighmi, & Hamada, 2015); phenolic compounds and flavonoids: (rosmarinic acid) and flavonoids (eriodictyol, luteolin, apigenin, and their glycosides) (Fialova et al, 2014, Figueroa-Pérez, Rocha-Guzmán, Pérez-Ramírez, Mercado-Silva, & Reynoso-Camacho, 2014Hossain et al, 2014;…”

Easy Preparation of Zinc Molybdate Photocatalyst and Its Application for Degradation of Methylene Blue

“…Peppermint contains secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins and alkaloids. (Fialová et al, 2014;Puspitasari, Mareta, & Thalib, 2021). The content of alkaloids can replace the use of the starting NaOH material, while flavonoids, tannins, and saponins can be used as capping agents that can maintain the formation of nanoparticles so that they are stable to form nanoparticles (Weldegebrieal, 2020;Yulizar, Apriandanu, & Ashna, 2020;Yulizar, Bakri, Apriandanu, & Hidayat, 2018).…”

Efficiency of use of light-emitting diodes for clonal microreproduction of sweet potato and peppermint in crop in vitro

“…It has unsurpassed antioxidant, ant allergic, antiviral, antibacterial, antimicrobial and anticancer properties. Therefore, peppermint is widely used in the perfume, pharmaceutical and food industries [2]. Due to the constantly growing demand in the world for natural essential oils, a large-scale production of its raw materials is promising [3].…”