The VEGF family in cancer and antibody-based strategies for their inhibition

Sullivan, Laura A.; Brekken, Rolf A.

doi:10.4161/mabs.2.2.11360

Cited by 161 publications

(150 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…These factors can further promote tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. [8,9] Because of this, elevated platelet counts have negative effects on patient survival. On the other hand, lymphocytes play an important role in tumor-derived inflammatory responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio in malignant and precancerous laryngeal lesions

Bulğurcu¹

2017

Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg

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Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in patients with precancerous laryngeal lesion or laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Patients and Methods:This retrospective study included 98 patients (92 males, 6 females; mean age 57.4±11.3 years; range 32 to 82 years) who were diagnosed to have precancerous laryngeal lesion or laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma according to histopathology result between January 2011 and June 2016. Patients were divided into two groups as those with precancerous laryngeal lesion or laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Results:There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of NLR and PLR values (p=0.010, p=0.002, respectively). When patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma were evaluated in terms of lymph node metastasis, primary localization of tumor and differentiation of tumor; there was no statistically significant difference between NLR and PLR values. However, when evaluated in terms of clinical staging, PLR value was statistically different (p=0.047) while NLR value was not statistically different. Conclusion:To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that PLR can be used to differentiate precancerous laryngeal lesion and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Keywords: Laryngeal; lymphocyte; neutrophil; platelet. ÖZAmaç: Bu çalışmada, prekanseröz larengeal lezyonu veya larengeal skuamöz hücreli karsinoması olan hastalarda nötrofil lenfosit oranı (NLO) ve trombosit lenfosit oranı (TLO) arasındaki ilişki araştırıldı. Hastalar ve Yöntemler:Bu retrospektif çalışmaya Ocak 2011 -Haziran 2016 tarihleri arasında histopatoloji sonucuna göre prekanseröz larengeal lezyon veya larengeal skuamöz hücreli karsinoma tanısı konulan 98 hasta (92 erkek, 6 kadın; ort. yaş 57.4±11.3 yıl; dağılım 32-82 yıl) dahil edildi. Hastalar prekanseröz larengeal lezyonlu veya larengeal skuamöz hücreli karsinomalı olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Bulgular:İki grup arasında NLO ve TLO değerleri açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık vardı (sırasıyla, p=0.010, p=0.002). Larengeal skuamöz hücreli karsinomalı hastalar lenf nodu metastazı, tümörün primer yerleşimi ve tümörün diferansiasyonu açısından değerlendirildiğinde, NLO ve TLO değerleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık yoktu. Ancak klinik evrelendirme açısından değerlendirildiğinde, TLO değeri istatistiksel olarak farklı (p=0.047), NLO değeri ise istatistiksel olarak farklı değildi.Sonuç: Bildiğimiz kadarıyla, bu çalışma, TLO'nun prekanseröz larengeal lezyon ve larengeal skuamöz hücreli karsinomanın ayrımında kullanabileceğini gösteren ilk çalışmadır.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio in malignant and precancerous laryngeal lesions

Bulğurcu¹

2017

Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg

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“…Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is an endothelial cell mitogen which induces cell migration, proliferation, invasion and increased vascular permeability and has a potent pro-angiogenic activity. It has been shown that a large percentage of tumors which produce high levels of VEGF are associated with a high density of vessels in the tumor, metastasis, chemoresistance and poor prognosis (Sullivan & Brekken, 2010). The VEGF family is made up of six growth factors.…”

Section: Gfs Such As B-fgf Egf Tgf- As Well As Extracellular Matrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Factors and the Redox State as New Therapeutic Targets for Colorectal Cancer

Palomares¹,

Caramés²,

Garcı́a-Alonso³

et al. 2012

Colorectal Cancer Biology - From Genes to Tumor

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“…The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) proteins are key regulators of normal and tumor angiogenesis and they are therefore extensively studied as therapeutic targets [383]. Antibodies and fusion proteins targeting VEGF are the clinically approved bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech) [384][385][386], r84 (AT001, Affitech AS), a human antibody which inhibits VEGF from binding to the VEGFreceptor-2 and VEGF-trap which is a fusion protein containing the binding domains of the VEGF-receptors 1 and 2 fused to the human IgG Fc region [383].…”

Section: Anti-angiogenic Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antibodies and fusion proteins targeting VEGF are the clinically approved bevacizumab (Avastin, Genentech) [384][385][386], r84 (AT001, Affitech AS), a human antibody which inhibits VEGF from binding to the VEGFreceptor-2 and VEGF-trap which is a fusion protein containing the binding domains of the VEGF-receptors 1 and 2 fused to the human IgG Fc region [383]. However, anti-angiogenic therapies may be compromised by the finding that myeloid CD11b + Gr1 + cells which contribute to tumor angiogenesis render tumors refractory to angiogenic blockade by VEGF antibodies.…”

Section: Anti-angiogenic Therapiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Approach to Cancer Therapy: The Tumor Microenvironment as Target

Schwendener¹,

Mete²

2013

Frontiers in Clinical Drug Research - Anti-Cancer Agents

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Solid tumors grow within a complex microenvironment composed of diverse cell types such as fibroblasts, endothelial cells, mast cells, macrophages and immune cells that are attracted by tumor cell derived factors and embedded in an extracellular matrix. Molecular and cellular interactions between epithelial cells and cells surrounding the tumor stroma promote growth, invasion and spread of tumors. To delay or impede tumor growth, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is increasingly being explored as a potential therapeutic target for which novel strategies are developed. lt;/pgt;lt;pgt; This article reviews how key interactions between tumor cells and surrounding mesenchymal and immune cells in the TME can promote tumor progression and it highlights cellular and molecular elements that might represent novel therapeutic targets. Special emphasis is given on therapies targeted towards tumor-associated macrophages. As main class of drugs the bisphosphonates are covered with their properties to repolarize a pro-tumorigenic, immunosuppressive environment to a tumor growth inhibiting and immunocompetent microenvironment. Properties and advantages of liposome-encapsulated bisphosphonates as macrophage depleting or modulating agents as well as the latest developments towards clinical applications of compounds targeting cellular and molecular components of the TME are described and reviewed. This article reviews how key interactions between tumor cells and surrounding mesenchymal and immune cells in the TME can promote tumor progression and it highlights cellular and molecular elements that might represent novel therapeutic targets. Special emphasis is given on therapies targeted towards tumor-associated macrophages. As main class of drugs the bisphosphonates are covered with their properties to repolarize a pro-tumorigenic, immunosuppressive environment to a tumor growth inhibiting and immunocompetent microenvironment. Properties and advantages of liposome-encapsulated bisphosphonates as macrophage depleting or modulating agents as well as the latest developments towards clinical applications of compounds targeting cellular and molecular components of the TME are described and reviewed.

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The VEGF family in cancer and antibody-based strategies for their inhibition

Cited by 161 publications

References 135 publications

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio in malignant and precancerous laryngeal lesions

Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio in malignant and precancerous laryngeal lesions

Growth Factors and the Redox State as New Therapeutic Targets for Colorectal Cancer

A New Approach to Cancer Therapy: The Tumor Microenvironment as Target

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