“…Further, Peterson, Phillips, Truemper, and Agrawal (2012) found that unassisted methods proved to be more successful in PIV insertion success than the VeinViewer R assisted methods. VeinViewer R also decreased first attempt PIV insertion success among skilled nurses, 47% success versus 62% success by routine cannulation, in a study done by Szmuk, Steiner, Pop, Farrow-Gillespie, Mascha, and Sessler (2013). Vein visibility is enhanced, but near-infrared devices do not improve cannulation (De Graaff et al, 2013).…”