The velocity of ionic reactions, II

Saal, R. N. J.

doi:10.1002/recl.19280470402

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The use of conductance for measuring the rate of fast chemical reactions in solution was first studied by Saal for the ionic reactions. 1 In 1958, Sirs and Prince constructed conductance stopped-flow (CSF) apparatuses independently, and measured the rates of the reaction of carbon dioxide with hydroxide ion in water and of the hydrolyses of triphenylchlorosilane in aqueous acetone, respectively. 2 Jaycock and Ottewill also made a CSF instrument.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing a new conductance stopped-flow apparatus to investigate the initial fast step of reaction between 1,1,1-trichloro-3-methyl-3-phospholene and methanol under a dry inert atmosphere

Habibi‐Khorassani

Ebrahimi

Maghsoodlou

et al. 2011

Analyst

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In the present work, for the first time, investigation of the initial fast step of reaction between 1,1,1-trichloro-3-methyl-3-phospholene (TCMP) and methanol was studied under a dry inert atmosphere by a newly constructed CSF apparatus by means of a further development in the configuration of the previous stopped-flow spectrophotometer (SFS). Hence, it was necessary to make many changes to the stopped-flow apparatus: replacement of the spectrophotometer amplifier with a conductance amplifier and the use of a conductivity cell to replace the optical one. The conductivity cell was made of polyethylene capillary tube (1 mm internal diameter; i.d.) and its inside dimensions were 1 mm i.d. × 3 mm long. Two tube electrodes which are made of stainless steel (0.8 mm i.d. × 14 mm long) were fixed at opposite ends of the observation cell and their outer surfaces were connected to the conductivity bridge amplifier by the two lead wires. The mixer was a 3-way Teflon valve and the distance between the mixer and the end of the observation cell was 30 mm. For each run, at least 24 µL of solution was required for a typical trace with a dead time of about 5 ms. Because of the extreme sensitivity of TCMP to moisture, the stopped-flow (CSF) apparatus was used inside a glove bag under a dry nitrogen atmosphere. Kinetic parameters for pseudo first-order reaction involving k(obs) = 30 s(-1) at 22 °C and activation energy E(a) = 13.55 KJ mol(-1) were successfully calculated for the initial fast step of the reaction between TCMP and methanol at 22 °C.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing a new conductance stopped-flow apparatus to investigate the initial fast step of reaction between 1,1,1-trichloro-3-methyl-3-phospholene and methanol under a dry inert atmosphere

Habibi‐Khorassani

Ebrahimi

Maghsoodlou

et al. 2011

Analyst

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“…The rate constant for CO 2 hydration by Reaction 1 is thus the property of interest for most of the applications mentioned above. The rate constant is most commonly measured by stop-flow pH titration [8,9,10,11], but in the past has also been measured by electrical conductivity changes [12], calorimetry [7], and facilitated diffusion [13]. All of these methods require a rather large amount of solution (10's of ml).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking oxygen atoms in electrochemical CO oxidation – Part I: Oxygen exchange via CO2 hydration

Scott

Kibsgaard

Vesborg

et al. 2021

Electrochimica Acta

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Kinetic studies of carbonation reactions using radioactive tracers

Himmelblau

Babb

1958

AIChE Journal

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In this study a radioactive tracer technique was used to determine the kinetic reaction rate constants in the COrNaHCOrNarCOs-HzO system at temperatures of 32, 50, and 68"F., and at various values of PH ranging from 5.6 to 7.6. By operating with this system .at chemical equilibrium but at isotopic disequilibrium, it was possible to divorce the influence of the dSusion of COP into and out of the aqueous solution from the kinetic effects of the chemical reaction. Radioactive carbon-14 in the form of COz was analyzed by means of the Bernstein-Ballenthe technique in order to measure the rates of reaction.By this treatment, without using intricate equipment, reaction rate constants were computed from simple, integrated first-order equations. Results showed that vdues for the fohard rate constant of the reaction COz + HzO S HC03-+ H+ agreed well with the values published by previous investigators. On the other hand, the forward rate constants of the reaction Cot + OH-~ HCOa were about 100 times as large as previously reported values. This difference is believed due to the complete elimination of any mass transfer effects in this study. In addition, values for the rate constants of the revqrse reactions were measured for the first time, and the calculated values of the equilibrium constants for the two reactions agreed within 6% on the ayerage with those given by Harned and Owen. The technique used, with its variations, is expected to have numerous applications in the study of the kinetics of heterogeneous systems.

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The velocity of ionic reactions, II

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Establishing a new conductance stopped-flow apparatus to investigate the initial fast step of reaction between 1,1,1-trichloro-3-methyl-3-phospholene and methanol under a dry inert atmosphere

Establishing a new conductance stopped-flow apparatus to investigate the initial fast step of reaction between 1,1,1-trichloro-3-methyl-3-phospholene and methanol under a dry inert atmosphere

Tracking oxygen atoms in electrochemical CO oxidation – Part I: Oxygen exchange via CO2 hydration

Kinetic studies of carbonation reactions using radioactive tracers

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