The velocity of lymph flow in the canine thoracic duct

Browse, N L; Rutt, D. R.; Sizeland, D; Taylor, A. E.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1974.sp010488

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In our study flow pulsation in the thoracic duct was completely independent of respiratory movements both in unanaesthetized and anaesthetized sheep. This finding is in apparent contrast to that of Browse et al (1974) and in part to that of Schad et al (1978). Both of these previous studies indicate a prominent or even dominant (Browse et al 1974) role of respiratory movements in anaesthetized dogs.…”

Section: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors In Propulsion Of Lymph In Thmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…This finding is in apparent contrast to that of Browse et al (1974) and in part to that of Schad et al (1978). Both of these previous studies indicate a prominent or even dominant (Browse et al 1974) role of respiratory movements in anaesthetized dogs. In two unanaesthetized dogs Browse et al (1974) observed a fast Lymph flow in intact thoracic duct Table 2.…”

Section: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors In Propulsion Of Lymph In Thmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Both of these previous studies indicate a prominent or even dominant (Browse et al 1974) role of respiratory movements in anaesthetized dogs. In two unanaesthetized dogs Browse et al (1974) observed a fast Lymph flow in intact thoracic duct Table 2. Summary of lymph debt in unanaesthetized sheep…”

Section: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors In Propulsion Of Lymph In Thmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Browse, Rutt, Sizeland & Taylor (1974) using anaesthetized dogs introduced radio-opaque droplets into a peripheral lymphatic and radiographically recorded their movements. They found that cephalad motion took place only as long as there were respiratory movements.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Lymph Flow Pattern in the Intact Thoracic Duct in Sheep

Onizuka

Flatebø

Nicolaysen

1997

The Journal of Physiology

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To study the lymph flow dynamics in the intact thoracic duct, we applied an ultrasound transit‐time flow probe in seven anaesthetized and four unanaesthetized adult sheep (.60 kg). In unanaesthetized non‐fasting animals we found that lymph flow in the thoracic duct was always regular pulsatile (pulsation frequency, 5.2 ± 0.8 min−1) with no relation to heart or respiratory activity. At baseline the peak level of the thoracic duct pulse flow was 11.6–20.7 ml min−1 with a nadir of 0–3.6 ml min−1. Mean lymph flow was 5.4 ± 3.1 ml min−1. The flow pattern of lymph in the thoracic duct was essentially the same in the anaesthetized animals. In both the anaesthetized and unanaesthetized animals, the lymph flow response to a stepwise increase in the outflow venous pressure showed interindividual variation. Some were sensitive to any increase in outflow venous pressure, but others were resistant in that lymph flow did not decrease until outflow venous pressure was increased to higher levels. This resistance was also observed in the high lymph flow condition produced by fluid infusion in the anaesthetized animal and mechanical constriction of the caudal vena cava in the unanaesthetized animals. Pulsation frequency of the thoracic duct flow initially increased and then decreased with a stepwise increase in the outflow venous pressure. This initial increase might be a compensatory response to maintain lymph flow against elevated outflow venous pressure. To test the effect of long‐term outflow venous pressure elevation in unanaesthetized sheep, outflow venous pressure was increased by inflation of a cuff around the cranial vena cava for 1, 5 or 25 h. The cuff was inflated to a level where lymph flow was reduced. Lymph flow remained low or decreased further during the entire cuff‐inflation period. We calculated the lymph debt caused by the outflow venous pressure elevation and the amount ‘repaid’ when venous pressure returned to normal. Lymph debt for 25 h was 6400 ml but only 200 ml was repaid. Since we observed no visible oedema formation in the lower body of the sheep, the non‐colloidal components of the lymph must have been reabsorbed into the bloodstream, most likely in the lymph nodes.

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Section: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors In Propulsion Of Lymph In Thmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors In Propulsion Of Lymph In Thmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors In Propulsion Of Lymph In Thmentioning

confidence: 81%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lymph Flow Pattern in the Intact Thoracic Duct in Sheep

Onizuka

Flatebø

Nicolaysen

1997

The Journal of Physiology

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“…, Hangmyo CHO 1) , Haengbok CHEON 1) , Juhyung KIM 1) , Taehun KIM 1) , Ji-Houn KANG 1) , Gonhyung KIM 1) , Youngwon LEE 2) , Hojung CHOI 2) , Heechun LEE 3) and Dongwoo CHANG 2) Chylothorax is a condition characterized by accumulation of a fluid containing chylomicrons in the pleural cavity. Lymphography is essential for evaluating the integrity of the thoracic duct and its branches, and several techniques, including pedal lymphography, and direct mesenteric lymphangiography, have been used to identify the causes of chylothorax in dogs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Determination of Optimal Dosage and Delay Time for Computed Tomographic Lymphography after Percutaneous Injection of Iohexol into Popliteal Lymph Nodes in Dogs

Chun

Cho

Cheon

et al. 2009

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The purposes of this study were to determine the optimal dose and delay time for lymphography by injection of Iohexol into popliteal lymph nodes and to assess images of computed tomography by the established protocol. Three different doses (30, 60 and 90 mgI/kg) of water-soluble iodinated contrast medium were injected into 15 popliteal lymph nodes of 10 adult beagles, and fluoroscopy was performed. Filling and duration of contrast media and the number of visible ducts from popliteal lymph nodes to the thoracic duct and its branches were recorded. CT lymphography was performed, and the number of visible thoracic ducts was compared with that found by radiographic lymphography. Radiographs obtained between 130 and 800 seconds after injection of contrast medium provided a detailed view of the thoracic duct. The dose of 60 mgI/kg was determined to enable quality diagnostic imaging without extranodal leakage in radiographic lymphography. There was no significant difference in the number of thoracic ducts between the two modalities at each anatomic location. However, CT lymphography provided images of the thoracic duct with better spatial resolution and without superimposition of surrounding tissue. The present study provides an adequate delay time and injection for identification of the canine thoracic duct, and therefore, this technique could be applied to diagnosis of disease associated with chest lymphatic drainage.KEY WORDS: CT, dog, Percutaneous ultrasound guided popliteal lymphograhy, thoracic duct.

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Lymph Vessel Thrombus Detection in Cervical Lymphedema: A Case Series

Kunze

Staritz

2017

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Although thrombosis in the terminal part of thoracic duct has been described in patients with head and neck cancer and upper vein thrombosis, normally medical imaging is not successful in depicting such lymphatic thrombosis. This case series is about three patients with acute onset of cervical lymphedema following minor trauma or exceptional physical strain. Using high-resolution ultrasound, it was possible to detect a thrombus formation in the terminal parts of the thoracic duct or the lymph duct. Within a few weeks all patients recovered without relapse for several years.

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The velocity of lymph flow in the canine thoracic duct

Cited by 19 publications

References 2 publications

Lymph Flow Pattern in the Intact Thoracic Duct in Sheep

Lymph Flow Pattern in the Intact Thoracic Duct in Sheep

Determination of Optimal Dosage and Delay Time for Computed Tomographic Lymphography after Percutaneous Injection of Iohexol into Popliteal Lymph Nodes in Dogs

Lymph Vessel Thrombus Detection in Cervical Lymphedema: A Case Series

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