The ventromedial hypothalamus oxytocin induces locomotor behavior regulated by estrogen

Narita, Kosuke; Murata, Takuya; Matsuoka, Satoshi

doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.05.047

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…It is well known that the VMH is associated with appetite, feeding, energy balance, and sexual behavior (Griffin and Flanagan-Cato, 2011). Some literature has proposed that innervation of the VMH by oxytocin fibers may regulate female hormone release and sexual behavior in rats (Griffin et al, 2010;Narita et al, 2016). Although we did not observe oxytocin fibers in the VMH regions, some sparse terminals were very close to the ventral part of the VMH subdivision.…”

Section: Innervation In the Hypothalamic Areacontrasting

confidence: 66%

Mapping Central Projection of Oxytocin Neurons in Unmated Mice Using Cre and Alkaline Phosphatase Reporter

Liao

Chiu

et al. 2020

Front. Neuroanat.

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Section: Innervation In the Hypothalamic Areacontrasting

confidence: 66%

Mapping Central Projection of Oxytocin Neurons in Unmated Mice Using Cre and Alkaline Phosphatase Reporter

Liao

Chiu

et al. 2020

Front. Neuroanat.

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“…Indeed, developmental loss of ERα/ Tac1 neurones leads to a reduction in movement without affecting BAT thermogenesis . In rats, movement is regulated by Otr , although the co‐expression of Otr and Tac1 has not been analysed.…”

Section: Sex‐specific Functions Regulated By the Vmhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective sexual differentiation of neurone populations may contribute to sex‐specific outputs of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus

Kammel

Correa

2019

J Neuroendocrinology

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| INTRODUC TI ONSex differences in the brain include molecular, cytoarchitectural or connectivity features of cells and brain regions that are non-neutral between males and females. These sex differences are embedded within neural circuits and could provide the functional basis for sex-typical behaviours and physiological responses ( Figure 1). 1,2The origins of these sex differences are not fully understood, although they can be the result of genetic, hormonal or environmental factors acting in adulthood or during development. 3 Some of the best studied sex differences in the brain appear to arise from the effects of sex hormones, mainly testosterone or its metabolite oestradiol. Activational effects of sex hormones arise in adulthood and are reversible. By contrast, organisational effects of sex hormones are programmed during a short perinatal time window, or critical period, and are permanent. For example, perinatal oestradiol can alter cellular survival and lead to sex differences in neurone number in the sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area of the hypothalamus and the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) in rodents. 4-9 However, other hypothalamic regions exhibit sex differences in gene expression or morphology rather than cell number. In the VMHvl, perinatal oestradiol establishes permanent sex differences in gene expression. 4,5 This sexual differentiation of cellular phenotype extends to glial cells, including astrocytes 10 and microglia, 11 and opens the door to more subtle differences between male and female brains.Earlier reviews have highlighted some of the challenges in characterising sex differences in the brain: (i) sex differences Abstract Sex differences among neurones in the ventrolateral region of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMHvl) allow for the display of a diversity of sex-typical behaviours and physiological responses, ranging from mating behaviour to metabolism.Here, we review recent studies that interrogate the relationship between sex-typical responses and changes in cellular phenotypes. We discuss technologies that increase the resolution of molecular profiling or targeting of cell populations, including singlecell transcriptional profiling and conditional viral genetic approaches to manipulate neurone survival or activity. Overall, emerging studies indicate that sex-typical functions of the VMH may be mediated by phenotypically distinct and sexually differentiated neurone populations within the VMHvl. Future studies in this and other brain regions could exploit cell-type-specific tools to reveal the cell populations and molecular mediators that modulate sex-typical responses. Furthermore, cell-type-specific analyses of the effects of sexually differentiating factors, including sex hormones, can test the hypothesis that distinct cell types within a single brain region vary with respect to sexual differentiation. K E Y W O R D Sneuroactive steroids, neuropeptides, oestrogens, progestogens, steroids

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“…Recently it has been shown that running behavior in male rats is induced by oxytocin when it is introduced into the ventromedial hypothalamus and this response is estrogen controlled and facillitated. 44 Could rising oxytocin levels during a CH attack be the cause of agitation in this syndrome? Cadmium has been shown to modulate oxytocin levels and receptor function.…”

Section: Question 2: What Toxins In Cigarette Smoke Lead To Cluster Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As CH is a male dominant condition, if any hormone was expected to be involved in CH pathogenesis it would be testosterone. 44 Could rising oxytocin levels during a CH attack be the cause of agitation in this syndrome? 36 In most instances testosterone levels are low in CH patients both in and out of cycle.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking Cigarette Smoking/Tobacco Exposure and Cluster Headache: A Pathogenesis Theory

Rozen

2018

Headache

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The hypothesis theory will include several principles: (1) the need of double lifetime tobacco exposure, (2) that cadmium is possibly the primary agent in cigarette smoke that leads to hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis toxicity promoting cluster headache, (3) that the estrogenization of the brain and its specific sexually dimorphic nuclei is necessary to develop cluster headache with tobacco exposure, and (4) that the chronic effects of smoking and its toxic metabolites including cadmium and nicotine on the cortex are contributing to the morphometric and orexin alterations that have been previously attributed to the primary headache disorder itself.

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The ventromedial hypothalamus oxytocin induces locomotor behavior regulated by estrogen

Cited by 15 publications

References 47 publications

Mapping Central Projection of Oxytocin Neurons in Unmated Mice Using Cre and Alkaline Phosphatase Reporter

Mapping Central Projection of Oxytocin Neurons in Unmated Mice Using Cre and Alkaline Phosphatase Reporter

Selective sexual differentiation of neurone populations may contribute to sex‐specific outputs of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus

Linking Cigarette Smoking/Tobacco Exposure and Cluster Headache: A Pathogenesis Theory

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