The vicious cycle governing the brain–immune system relationship in neurodegenerative diseases

Schwartz, Michal; Cahalon, Liora

doi:10.1016/j.coi.2022.102182

Cited by 9 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The immune-cognitive relationship has been the subject of a great deal of research on animals and, more recently, on humans in infectious contexts 30 or neurodegenerative diseases 22,24 . In particular, the cytokines IL-1, TNFα and IL-6 appear to be central in ammatory markers at the cerebral level and may have an impact on cognitive processes 31 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pneumonia, herpes) 22 suggests that COVID-19 could also be a risk factor in the development of neurodegenerative pathologies 23 . Furthermore, the immune (IL-6 and IL-1β) and cognitive relationships in the context of neurodegenerative diseases seem to be increasingly robust [24][25][26] . It therefore seems of crucial interest to investigate in depth the immune and cognitive relationships following SARS-CoV-2 infection in order to better predict the associated very long-term risks to mental health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Systemic cytokines related to cognitive function 6-9 months and 12-15 months after SARS- CoV-2 infection

Nuber-Champier,

Breville,

Voruz

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background. Cognitive symptoms persisting beyond the acute phase of COVID-19 infection are commonly described for up to 1 year after infection. The relationship between cognitive performance, in particular episodic memory processes observed chronically after infection, and cytokine levels in the acute phase of COVID-19 has not yet been identified in humans. Aim. Determine whether the levels of cytokines IL1β, IL-6 and TNFα secreted in the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection are associated and predict verbal and visuospatial episodic memory performance in humans 6 to 9 months and 12 to 15 months post-infection. Method. The associations and predictive value of the concentration of cytokines measured in acute phase (IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα) from plasma samples of N = 33 hospitalised COVID-19 patients (mean age 61 years, 39–78, 65% in intensive care) in relation to their verbal and visuospatial episodic memory performance measured at 6–9 months and 12–15 months post-infection were analyzed. To do this, we used Spearman correlations and generalised linear mixed models. Results. IL-1β levels were associated with verbal episodic memory total recall scores 6–9 months post-infection. At 12–15 months post-infection IL-1β predicted verbal episodic memory scores and IL-6 predicted visuo-perceptive process. Conclusion. This study demonstrated that the severity of inflammatory reaction at acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection predicts verbal episodic memory performance in the long-term post-infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic cytokines related to cognitive function 6-9 months and 12-15 months after SARS- CoV-2 infection

Nuber-Champier,

Breville,

Voruz

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…25,26,28 Indeed, functional dysregulation of the CP may reflect yet unknown common underlying mechanisms in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. 29…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25,26,28 Indeed, functional dysregulation of the CP may reflect yet unknown common underlying mechanisms in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases. 29 Furthermore, it has been suggested that enlargement of the CP may occur before the development of pathological changes in the CNS and may even reflect an inherited or acquired susceptibility to neuroinflammation. 22,24,25 For example, enlargement of the CP has been reported in stroke patients in the early, postacute period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choroid plexus volume is enlarged in clinically isolated syndrome patients with optic neuritis

et al. 2023

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Objectives: We investigated choroid plexus (CP) volume in patients presenting with optic neuritis (ON) as a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), compared to a cohort with established relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and healthy controls (HCs). Methods: Three-dimensional (3D) T1, T2-FLAIR and diffusion-weighted sequences were acquired from 44 ON CIS patients at baseline, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the onset of ON. Fifty RRMS patients and 50 HCs were also included for comparison. Results: CP volumes was larger in both ON CIS and RRMS groups compared to HCs, but not significantly different between ON CIS and RRMS patients (analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) adjusted for multiple comparisons). Twenty-three ON CIS patients who converted to clinically definite MS (MS) demonstrated CP volume similar to RRMS patients, but significantly larger compared to HCs. In this sub-group, CP volume was not associated with the severity of optic nerve inflammation or long-term axonal loss, not with brain lesion load. A transient increase of CP volume was observed following an occurrence of new MS lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Interpretation: Enlarged CP can be observed very early in a disease. It transiently reacts to acute inflammation, but not associated with the degree of tissue destruction.

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“…Therefore, enlargement of the CP is not MS-specific but instead is likely to be associated with general increase of neuroinflammation or neuronal/axonal degeneration (Althubaity et al 2022) (Choi et al 2022). Indeed, functional dysregulation of the CP may reflect yet unknown common underlying mechanisms in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases (Schwartz and Cahalon 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choroid plexus volume is enlarged in clinically isolated syndrome patients with optic neuritis

Klistorner

Walt

Barnett

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Objectives: People with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) have a larger choroid plexus (CP) volume than healthy controls. We investigated CP volume in early MS by quantitatively assessing brain MRI scans in patients presenting with optic neuritis (ON) as a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), compared to a cohort with established Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) and healthy controls. Methods: Pre- and post-gadolinium 3D-T1, 3D FLAIR and diffusion tensor images were acquired from 44 CIS ON patients at baseline, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the onset of ON. Fifty RRMS patients and 50 healthy controls were also included for comparison. Results: ANOVA revealed significantly larger CP volumes in both ON CIS and RRMS groups compared to healthy controls (p<0.001 for both), but no difference between ON CIS and RRMS patients (p=0.9) Twenty-three ON CIS patients who converted to CDMS during 10 years of follow-up demonstrated CP volume similar to RRMS patients, but significantly larger compared to healthy controls (p<0.001). Increased CP volume was identified even in a sub-group of patients without MS-like lesions at baseline (p<0.001). A significant (~6%) transient increase of CP volume was observed following a new bout of inflammation, which, however, returned to pre-inflammatory state few months later. CP volume was not associated with the severity of acute inflammation of the optic nerve or long-term optic nerve axonal loss, not with brain lesion load or severity of tissue damage within lesions. Interpretation: Our data demonstrate that enlarged CP can be observe very early in a disease, transiently reacts to acute inflammation, but not associated with the degree of tissue destruction.

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The vicious cycle governing the brain–immune system relationship in neurodegenerative diseases

Cited by 9 publications

References 74 publications

Systemic cytokines related to cognitive function 6-9 months and 12-15 months after SARS- CoV-2 infection

Systemic cytokines related to cognitive function 6-9 months and 12-15 months after SARS- CoV-2 infection

Choroid plexus volume is enlarged in clinically isolated syndrome patients with optic neuritis

Choroid plexus volume is enlarged in clinically isolated syndrome patients with optic neuritis

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